Instrumentation needs for PBEE

1
Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering
To transform earthquake engineering assessment
and design ...

• Traditional Approach
• Non-scientifically defined seismic hazard
• Indirect design approaches
• Undefined and uncertain outcomes

2
Assessment by Static Pushover Analysis (FEMA
273/356 and ASCE 41)
Ref R.O. Hamburger
3
Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering
Collapse Onset
Base Shear
Damage Threshold
Deformation
PBEE today
FEMA 356 Performance Levels
IO
LS
CP
PBEE tomorrow
4
Damage Assessment Nonstructural Fragilities
Severe damage to gypsum board and distorsion of
metal frame
(Replace partition)
Probability of Damage State
Wide cracks in gypsum boards
Wide cracks in gypsum boards
(Replace gypsum boards)
Small cracks only
(Patch, Retape Paint)
Interstory Drift Ratio
Ref E. Miranda
5
Performance-Based Methodology
6
Incremental Dynamic Analysis Collapse
44 Ground Motion Records
GROUND MOTION INTENSITY
STRUCTURAL RESPONSE (DRIFT)
7
Mean Annual Frequency of Collapse
Collapse CDF
Collapse Performance

• Margin Sa,collapse 2.7 MCE
• 5 Probability of collapse under design MCE 5
• Mean Annual Frequency MAFcol 1.0 x 10-4
  (0.5 in 50 years)

2.7
5
Hazard Curve
2/50
8
Nonstructural Damage and Losses (Caltech)
9
PBEE Methodology IM-EDP-DM-DV

• Ground Motion Hazard Characterization
• IM Definition (Sa, )
• Selection and Scaling of Ground Motions
• Simulation IM EDP
• Choice of EDPs (Drift, Floor Accel., other )
• Fidelity of simulations to model collapse
• Damage Modeling EDP DM
• Taxonomy of components
• Definition of conditional EDP-DM damage
  function
• Loss Modeling DM DV
• Definition of conditional DM-DV loss functions
• Downtime and injuries/fatalities are a challenge

10
Performance Assessment Components
Decision Variable
Damage Measure
Engineering Demand Parameter
Intensity Measure
11
Integrative Testbeds

• Buildings
• - Van Nuys
• - UC Sciences
• - SRB
• UCB Campus
• Bridges
• - Humboldt Bay
• - I-880 Viaduct
• Bay Area Highway Network

12
Performance Assessment Components
Decision Variable
Damage Measure
Engineering Demand Parameter
Intensity Measure
13
Performance Assessment Components
DV loss, functionality, downtime, casualties
Decision Variable
Damage Measure
DM physical condition consequences/ramification
s
Engineering Demand Parameter
EDP Drift Ratio (peak, residual), Floor
Acceleration, Local Indices (Qp, strain, )
Intensity Measure
IM Sa(T1), multiple Sas, epsilon, Sdinelastic,
duration
14
PBEE Probability Framework Equation
Hazard
Performance (Loss) Models and Simulation
Impact
IM Intensity Measure EDP Engineering Demand
Parameter DM Damage Measure DV Decision
Variable
15
Comprehensive System Simulation
REF Yang, Conte, Elgamal (UCSD)
REF Boulanger (UCDavis)
16
NS Components Contents
Problem Insight Small Equipment
Hutchinson
17
Integrated Simulation/Assessment Platform
Algorithms, Solvers, Parallel/distributed computin
g
Software framework, Databases, Visualization, Inte
rnet/grid computation
Simulation Reliability Models for Materials,
Components, and Systems
18
Integrative Testbeds

• Buildings
• Van Nuys
• UC Sciences
• UCB Campus
• Bridges
• Humboldt Bay
• I-880 Viaduct
• Bay Area Highway Network

19
Evolution of PBEE Concept

• Groups of Buildings
• Portfolio Analysis
• Regional Loss Studies
• Mitigation Studies
• e.g., ATC 13, HAZUS

• Building Ratings
• Probable
• Maximum Loss
• Other
• e.g., ST-RISK

• Individual Buildings
• Evaluation
• Retrofit
• e.g., FEMA 273/356

Casualties Repair Costs Downtime
Percentage or Dollars
Performance Objectives
Ref. W. Holmes