Are all eukaryotic creatures, meaning their DNA is enclosed in a nucleus inside the cell (unlike bacteria, which are prokaryotic and have no nucleus to enclose their DNA.

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• Are all eukaryotic creatures, meaning their DNA
  is enclosed in a nucleus inside the cell (unlike
  bacteria, which are prokaryotic and have no
  nucleus to enclose their DNA.

Don Morrison
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Characteristics of Protists

• Live anywhere there is water
• Come in All sizes, but many are microscopic
• Eukaryotic type cells
• Oldest around 1.5 billion years old
• Multicellular or unicellular

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3 groups based on nutrition

• Plant-like Protists (algae) gt perform
  photosynthesis (autotrophs)

• Animal-like Protists (hetrotrophs)

• Fungus- like Protists gt Decomposers (mold)

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Animal-like Protists (hetrotrophs)

• Protozoan - name for this type of organism. The
  word protozoa means "little animal."
• Protozoa range in size from 1/5,000 to 1/50 of an
  inch
• 4 groups based on movement
• Sarcodinians
• Zooflagllates
• Ciliphorans
• Sporozoans

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Sarcodinians

• move by extending their cytoplasm
• some are surrounded by hard shells (ex.
  Forminiferans radiolarians)
• Amoebas have no shells, pseudopod gt extension of
  cytoplasm used to move and obtain food

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Zooflagellates

• Generally the smallest of the protozoa
• Use flagella to move.
• Have one or several long, whip-like projections
  called flagella poking out of their cells.
• Example-trichonympha- live in termite gut

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Ciliphorans

• Generally the largest protozoa.
• Have hair-like projections called cilia
  ltsilly-uhgt
• Eat the other three types of protozoa
• Example Paramecium

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Sporozoans

• All the members of the phylum are parasites. No
  structure for movement.
• The genus Plasmodium causes malaria, one of the
  greatest scourges of humans. Malaria has probably
  caused more human deaths than any other
  infectious disease even today it is estimated to
  kill a million people a year in the sub-Saharan
  Africa. example Plasodium (causes malaria)

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Plant-like Protists

• Unicellular algae
• Dinoflagellates
• Diatoms
• Euglenads

• Multicellular Algae
• Green Algae
• Red Algae
• Brown Algae

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Dinoflagellates

• algae with 2 flagella, usually found in
  saltwater Pfiesteria ltfis-teer-ee-uhgt produce
  toxic substances that stun passing fish and cause
  bleeding sores. The Pfiesteria then feed on the
  fish blood and fluids. (Red Tide)

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Diatoms

• Cell walls have silica, very abundant in Oceans.
• The shells of dead diatoms are mined to make
• abrasives,
• shiny road paint
• and grit in toothpaste.

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Euglenads

• Euglena is a typical member of the group (which
  numbers about 1600 species Most are unicellular.)
• Many swim by means of a single flagellum.
• They are not encased in a cell wall so they are
  flexible as well as motile.

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Green Algae

• Most diverse group of algae, with more than 7000
  species growing in a variety of habitats.
• Like the plants, the green algae contain two
  forms of chlorophyll

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Red Algae

• Approximately 4000 species have been identified.
• Their closest relatives are the green algae and
  land plants.
• Some are used as food in coastal regions of Asia.
  
• Agar, the base for culturing bacteria and other
  microorganisms, is extracted from a red alga

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Brown Algae

• The rockweeds and kelps. Some kelps grow as long
  as 30 m.
• All are multicellular although without much
  specialization of cell types.
• Most are found in salt water.
• Used for food in some coastal areas of the world
  and harvested in the U. S. for fertilizer and as
  a source of iodine

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Fungus- like Protists

• Slime Molds
• Cellular slime mold
• Water mold

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Slime Molds

• Slime molds have traits like both fungi and
  animals.
• Have very complex life cycles involving multiple
  forms and stages.
• Spores are produced, these spores are like plant
  seeds. Each of them becomes a new amoeba-like
  cell when they land and each goes off on its
  merry way. 

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Cellular slime mold

• The organisms in this group have a complex life
  cycle during the course of which they go through
  unicellular, multicellular, fungus-like (form
  spores) and protozoan-like (amoeboid) stages.
• With the exception of one species that causes
  powdery scab on potatoes, these organisms are of
  little economic importance.

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Water mold

• As their name suggests, water molds were once
  considered to be fungi. But unlike fungi, the
  cell wall of water molds is made of cellulose,
  not chitin.

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• Food for others (plankton)

• Some eat bacteria

• Some cause diseases

Help produce oxygen

• Breakdown dead plants and animals
• (decomposers)