GROWING IMMIGRATION Coming to America

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GROWING IMMIGRATION Coming to America
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Why did they leave?

• Overpopulation
• Lack of jobs
• Government tyranny
• Famine/ Crop failures
• Land shortages
• Rising taxes
• Escaping religious/political persecution

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How much did the US Population change over time?

• US population 1860 31.5 million
• US population 1920 61.5 million

• What a HUGE addition -30 million more people!

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How did they get here?

• Steamships made of iron and steel
• 2-3 weeks to 1 week by 1900
• Operated on a schedule like railroads
• Created birds of passage-single male worker who
  came for a short time, earn money, and return home

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Steerage for the Economically Disadvantaged

• Most immigrants traveled in Steerage (large open
  area under the ships deck)
• Cheap fares
• Limited toilet facilities withno privacy

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Steerage postcard
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Where did they come from?

• The Americas
• Asia China and Japan (a growing power at the
  turn of the century more respected)
• Northern and Western Europe (pre -1890)
  English, Scots, Irish, Germans, ScandinaviansOLD
  IMMIGRATION
• Southern and Eastern Europe (post 1890)
  includes Eastern European Jews, Southern
  Italians, Greeks, Slavs (Poles, Slovaks, Czechs,
  Croats, Serbs, Ukrainians, Russians,
  Armenians)NEW IMMIGRATION

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How many Immigrants came to the United States?
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Entrance to USA

• In 1886 greeted by Statue of Liberty in NY harbor

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Other Ports of Entry

• Boston
• Philadelphia
• Baltimore
• Seattle
• San Francisco
• But New York was most popular!

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Castle Garden (1855 - 1892)
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Ellis Island (1892 1954) Gateway to America
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ELLIS ISLANDGate to America or Golden Door

• 70 of all European immigrants arrived in NYC
• In 1892 an immigration center opened at Ellis
  Island in NY harbor to process those in
  lower-class/steerage
• Immigrants were given medical check-up and asked
  a series of questions

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Vitos Story