SECTIONALISM

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SECTIONALISM
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Regional Differences
Industrial, Dense population, anti-slavery
Just trying to survive
Agricultural, slavery
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• What is the difference between nationalism and
  sectionalism?

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• Nationalism a feeling of pride, loyalty, and
  protectiveness toward your country. Loyalty to
  ones nation as a whole.

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• Sectionalism the loyalty to the interest of
  your own region or section of the country, rather
  than to the nation as a whole.

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What kind of differences were there between the
regions as the nation grew?

• What kind of political differences?
• What kind of economic differences?
• What kind of social differences?

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Complete the chart as we view and discuss the
following information.
Political Economic Social
North
South
West
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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTH

• Political
• It supported high tariffs to protect
  manufacturing.
• It supported federally funded internal
  improvements like canals, roads, and railroads so
  they could have transportation to their markets.
• In the 1840s and 1850s they began to oppose
  slavery.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTH

• Economic
• Agriculture was diversified (wheat, corn, dairy).
  It was more scientific and Northerners developed
  more farm machines that the South did.
• Fishing and whaling were still important to the
  Northeast.
• Manufacturing
• It replaced shipping as the main business of the
  Northeast.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTH

• Economy (Transportation of goods)
• The transportation system was designed to get
  goods to the ocean.
• The main transportation in the South was rivers,
  streams, and intercoastal routes.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NORTH

• Social
• Immigration served as one of the major social
  issues in the North.
• This immigration tended to create low wages and
  encouraged child labor.
• Womens Suffrage and Abolition of slavery were
  other social reforms the North was focused on.
• Abolitionists believed that slavery was morally
  wrong.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOUTH

• Political
• Protecting slavery was of the utmost importance
  to Southerners.
• Fighting tariffs was paramount to Southerners
  since tariffs increased the price of goods
  imported from Europe.
• Southerners were against internal improvements
  because it cost money and it did not meet their
  transportation needs.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOUTH

• Economic
• Home of the cotton kingdomCotton replaced
  linen and wool as the major fiber for cloth.
• Tobacco still was the major crop in the Upper
  South.
• Rice and sugar were still important crops in
  South Carolina and Louisiana.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOUTH

• Economy (Transportation of goods)
• The transportation system was designed to get
  goods to the ocean.
• The main transportation in the South was rivers,
  streams, and intercoastal routes.

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• Slavery was an important part of the Southern
  economy. The feeling was that slavery must
  follow expansion.
• The South was agriculturally self-sufficient.
• It provided its own corn, wheat, and livestock.
• There was little manufacturing in the South.
• The economy was still tied to Great Britain.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOUTH

• Social
• Slavery served as one of the largest social
  issues of the south
• Not everyone was in favor of slavery, but most
  were in favor of states rights
• Only 1 in 4 Texans owned slaves

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• Middle class farmers and lower class farmers
  supported slavery even though few had twenty
  slaves or more.
• They hoped to have slaves themselves.
• They were afraid of slave rebellion and
  competition from free blacks.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WEST

• Political
• Westerners wanted low priced or free land in the
  West.
• They supported federally financed internal
  transportation improvements.
• The West tended to support protective tariffs to
  pay for internal improvements without raising the
  price of federal land.
• The Northwest and Southwest disagreed on slavery.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WEST

• Economic
• Fur traders were the first Americans to move
  west.
• Frontier farms followed. The farmers typically
  lived in log cabins and they were basically
  self-sufficient.
• The economy of the West depended on turnpikes,
  canals, steamboats, and railroads

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WEST

• Social
• In the wake of the War of 1812, many
  nationalistic Americans believed that God
  intended for them to spread democracy and
  Christianity across the entire continent.

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Looking at your chart, notice the economic and
political differences. Was the Civil War
unavoidable? Could a compromise have been met?