NATO, Enlargement, Chances

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NATO, Enlargement, Chances Challenges

• Presented by Ratela Asllani, M.A
• PhD Candidate

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Contents

• NATO, History of Enlargement
• NATO Enlargement Process
• Chances of Membership
• Challenges
• Conclusion

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1. NATO, History of Enlargement
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1. NATO, History of Enlargement
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1. NATO, History of Enlargement
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1. NATO, History of Enlargement

• The most important players in the
  North Atlantic Treaty Organization are the member
  countries themselves.
• At present, NATO has 28 members.
• In 1949, there were 12 founding members of the
  Alliance Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France,
  Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands,
  Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom and the
  United States.
• Six rounds of Enlargement 1952, 1955, 1982,
  2004, 2009
• During Cold War The other member countries are
  Greece and Turkey (1952), Germany (1955), Spain
  (1982),
• After Cold War the Czech Republic, Hungary and
  Poland (1999), Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia,
  Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia (2004).
• Bucharest Summit Albania and Croatia (2009).

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1.1 Difference of Enlargement
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2. NATO Enlargement Process
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2. NATO Enlargement Process

• Aspirant Countries
• Study on Enlargement (1995)
• Accession Process
• NATOs Open Door Policy

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2.1 Aspirant Countries

• Countries that have declared an interest in
  joining the Alliance are initially invited to
  engage in an Intensified Dialogue with NATO about
  their membership aspirations related reforms.
• Aspirant countries may then be invited to
  participate in the MAP to prepare for potential
  membership demonstrate their ability to meet
  the obligations and commitments of possible
  future membership. Participation in the MAP does
  not guarantee membership, but it constitutes a
  key preparation mechanism.
• Countries aspiring to join NATO have to
  demonstrate that they are in a position to
  further the principles of the 1949 Washington
  Treaty contribute to security in the
  Euro-Atlantic area. They are also expected to
  meet certain political, economic and military
  criteria, which are laid out in the 1995 Study on
  NATO Enlargement.

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2.2 Study on Enlargement (1995)

• Meeting Requirements
• a functioning democratic political system based
  on a market economy
• the fair treatment of minority populations
• a commitment to the peaceful resolution of
  conflicts
• the ability and willingness to make a military
  contribution to NATO operations and
• a commitment to democratic civil-military
  relations and institutional structures.

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2.2 Study on Enlargement (1995)

• NATO would contribute to enhanced stability
  security for all, through
• encouraging supporting democratic reforms
• fostering patterns habits of cooperation,
  consultation consensus-building characteristic
  of relations among members of the Alliance
• promoting good-neighborly relations
• increase transparency in defense planning
  military budgets

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2.2 Accession Process

• 1.Accession talks with a NATO team
• first session political defense or military
  issues
• second session technical (discussion of
  resources, security, legal issues, contribution)
  
• 2. Invitees send letters of intent to NATO, along
  with timetables for completion of reforms
• 3. Accession protocols are signed by NATO
  countries
• 4. Accession protocols are ratified by NATO
  countries
• 5. The Secretary General invites the potential
  new members to accede to the North Atlantic
  Treaty
• 6. Invitees accede to the North Atlantic Treaty
  in accordance with their national procedures
• 7. Upon depositing their instruments of accession
  with the US State Department, invitees formally
  become NATO members

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2.3 NATOs Open Door Policy

• NATOs open door policy based upon Article 10
  of the Washington Treaty
• Membership is open to any European State in a
  position to further the principles of this Treaty
  and to contribute to the security of the North
  Atlantic area

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3. Chances of Membership

• NATO also has what it calls the Membership
  Action Plan, which offers aspiring members
  practical advice targeted assistance. In turn,
  aspiring members are expected to meet certain key
  requirements.

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3.1 Membership Action Plan

• MAP was launched in April 1999 at the Alliances
  Washington Summit.
• MAP, a NATO programme of advice, assistance
  practical support tailored to the individual
  needs of countries wishing to join the Alliance. 
  
• Participation in the MAP does not prejudge any
  decision by the Alliance on future membership.
• Current Participants (FYROM, 1999 Montenegro,
  2009)
• They submit individual annual national programmes
  on their preparations for possible future
  membership
• 2010, the Allies formally invited B-H to join,
  pending the resolution of a key issue concerning
  immovable defense property

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3.2 The MAP Process

• Provides a focused candidate feedback mechanism
  on aspirant countries' progress on their
  programmes (political, economic, defense,
  resource, security legal aspects)
• Throughout the year, meetings workshops with
  NATO civilian and military experts in various
  fields allow for discussion of the entire
  spectrum of issues relevant to membership.

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4. Challenges Conclusion

• Membership of FYROM (Turkey has recognized with
  its constitutional name), Montenegro, Serbia,
  Kosovo
• Membership of Georgia Ukraine (Russias
  Position)
• Identification of Border of Expand
• Identification of New Threats
• Identification of New Adversaries
• Enlargement deepen the complexity of Consensus
  Decision-Making
• Revision of Meeting Requirements

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Thank you!!! Questions!!!!