AP World History: Ancient vs. Classical

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AP World History Ancient vs. Classical
Do now Pair/Share and brainstorm what you think
of when you Hear the word Classical

• By the end of class students should be able to
• Characterize the ancient and classical periods
• Hypothesize how the classical civilizations will
  differ from those of the ancient period

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Periodization
5 of curriculum
15 of curriculum
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Uniting Large Regions1000 BCE 500 CE
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Mapping the Ancient World
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(No Transcript)
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Mapping the Classical World
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The Ancient Period 8000 BCE to 1000 BCE

• Between 9000 BCE and 7000 BCE
• Agriculture introduced in the Middle Eastspreads
  to Northern Africa, India and finally East Asia
  by 1000 BCE
• Around 6000 BCE
• Potters wheel invented cities grew
• 4000 BCE (Bronze Age)
• Series of innovations
• Between 3500 BCE and 1500 BCE
• Four river valley civilizations

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Characterize the Ancient Period

• Task Characterize the Ancient Period

Identify political, economic and cultural
characteristics of the ancient world
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Transitional Kingdoms

• Case Study
• Hittites, Minoans, Mycenaeans, Phoenicians
• Spread agriculture from river valleys to
  temperate climateshow?
• Specialization trade
• Combining ag. herding
• Double-edged sword of conquest
• Inherently weakwhy?
• Structural political problems

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1000 BCEA Turning Point

• Wave of invasions on all river civilizations,
  made more effective b/c of iron weapons
• Indus Valley falls to Aryans
• Egypts political structure fails as does those
  in Mesopotamia
• Chinas transition is more subtle and symbolic
  changes dynasties and introduces iron Role of
  Mandate of Heaven a continuity.

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The Classical Period (1000 BCE to 450 CE)

• Expansion
• Aggressive invasions combines with river valley
  experience to form even large civilizations.
  Dominant military powers rise to provide
  stability and protection.
• Integration
• New size makes it more challenging to keep
  everyone under control and society functioning.
  Safe trade playing a vital role in an ever
  increasingly interconnected world.

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Hypothesize

• What allows for classical civs to expand?
• How might they attempt to provide greater
  coherence for their civilizations?
• What aspects of ancient civilizations will be
  retained?
• In what ways will classical civilizations be
  different?

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Continuities

• Agricultural economies
• Patriarchal societies
• RVC heritage

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Population Growth
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Consequences of Population Growth
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Generation of Belief Systems
Hinduism
Judaism
Buddhism
Christianity
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Consequence of Belief Systems
Hinduism From lst millennium BCE Buddhism From
5th century BCE Christianity From 1st century CE
Judaism Communities scattered widely in Southwest
Asia, Northern Africa, and Europe, especially
from the first century CE.
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Spread Influence of Civilizations
Farming pastoral nomadism replaced hunting and
gathering in some regions. People moved into
previously uninhabited areas.
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Expanding Networks
Routes Around 300 BCE to 300 CE, merchants,
shippers, sea captains, and empire-builders
extended and strengthened trade routes across
Afroeurasia and the Americas. Empires Empires
required networks of military and political
communication. These networks encouraged
interaction of many kinds over long
distances. Writing With the appearance of
alphabetic writing systems in Afroeurasia, people
could communicate faster and easier than ever
before. Religions The appearance of world
religions Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism, and
Christianitystimulated cultural interchange
across political and cultural boundaries.
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From 8000 B.C.E-600 C.E in East Asia great
Empires like the Chin and Han Dynasties would
form Chinas first centralizedEmpires connecting
China into a interregional trading Network (Silk
Route) for the very first time, however, Chinas
Mandate of Heaven (established by the Zhou
Dynasty) Would be the guiding political
principle to determine How a ruling family could
maintain their political authority
or From 600 B.C.E-600 C.E, the Middle
East would undergo Dramatic political upheaval
with the clash of Empires From the Persians,
Macedonians and Romans, their belief Systems
would greatly become more syncretic blending
Traditional beliefs with those new components,
however, Patriarchy would persist justified by
these new belief systems
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Triggers for Change

• Iron technology
• Deliberate cultural integration