Chapter 7-Part 1

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Chapter 7-Part 1

• Expanding Students Knowledge of New Words

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Vocabulary Development

• Children increase vocabulary at a rapid rate
  during elementary school
• 3,000 words a year
• 7-10 words per day
• Students with larger vocabularies are more
  capable readers
• Reading widely is the best way students learn new
  words

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Levels of Word Knowledge

• Unknown word- do not recognize word
• Initial recognition- have seen or heard the word,
  but dont know what it means
• Partial word knowledge-know one meaning and can
  use in a sentence
• Full word knowledge- know more than one meaning
  and can use word in several ways

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Children learn new vocabulary in a variety of
ways.

• Incidentally-without explicit instruction
• Reading, reading, reading.
• Vicarious experiences- through experiences
• Listening to conversations
• Language-rich environment
• Adults who do not talk down
• Reading- using context clues
• Classroom instruction context clues, structural
  analysis, reference books, etc

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Vocabulary instruction should

• Take place throughout the day (immerse students
  in words through talking, listening, writing,
  etc. )
• Take place in all aspects of the curriculum
• Involve pre-teaching difficult vocabulary and
  concepts in content-areas
• Build on the known
• Be taught in context (word groups, clusters,
  categories, etc.)
• Involve activating prior knowledge
• Involve strategies for figuring out unknown words
• Involve students in meaningful use of vocabulary
  words
• Engage students in multiple encounters with new
  words

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Children must learn

• multiple meanings
• synonyms
• antonyms
• homonyms/homophones
• etymologies
• figurative meanings of words

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Choosing Words to Study

• Tier 1 Basic Words-common words used in oral
  language
• Tier 2 Academic Words- more frequently used in
  writing---wide application across the curriculum
• Tier 3 Specialized Words---technical and/or
  content-specific words

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English Learners

• Word Study Support
• Tier 1-visual aids, dramatizations, pantomimes,
  objects, translations
• Tier 2-build background knowledge, preteach,
  cognates, multiple meanings, transition words,
  etc.
• Tier 3-translate or briefly explain depending on
  situation/word study activities for big ideas

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Word Learning Strategies

• Using Context Clues
• Analyzing Word Parts
• Checking the Dictionary

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Wordplay

• Alliteration
• Eponym
• Hyperbole
• Onomatopoeia
• Oxymoron
• Palindrome
• Personification
• Pig Latin
• Portmanteau
• Spoonerism

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Using Context Clues

• Definition
• Example/Illustration
• Contrast
• Logic
• Root Words/Affixes