Sanitation

1
Sanitation

• Vet Tech

2
Sanitation

• Keeping something free of any elements that would
  endanger health.

3
Types of Sanitation

• Cleaning Physically removing all visible signs
  of dirt and organic matter such as feces, blood,
  hair, etc.

4

• Disinfecting destroying most microorganisms on
  nonliving things by physical or chemical means.
• Sterilizing destroying all microorganisms and
  viruses on an object using chemicals and/or heat.
• Antiseptics solutions that destroy
  microorganisms or inhibit their growth on living
  tissue.

5
Commonly Used Chemicals

• Alcohols Effective against gram positive and
  negative bacteria
• Usually diluted to 60-70
• Irritating to tissue
• Used as a solvent for disinfectants and
  antiseptics
• Examples ethyl alcohol, isopropyl
• alcohol, ethanol

6

• Aldehydes effective against gram positive and
  negative bacteria, fungi, and most viruses
• Irritating and toxic to tissues
• Examples gluteraldehyde, formaldehyde

7

• Chlorine Effective against gram positive and
  negative bacteria, fungi and most viruses
• Cheapest, most effective chemical disinfectant
• Irritating and toxic to tissues
• Example bleach

8

• Iodine and Iodophors Effective against gram
  positive and negative bacteria and fungi
• Usually used in solution with water and alcohol
• Iodophorsiodine mixed with detergent to use as a
  surgical scrub
• Stains and irritates tissue
• Examples Betadine

9

• Quaternary ammonias effective against gram
  positive bacteria and some gram negative
  bacteria, some fungi and some viruses
• Deodorizes
• Examples Centrimide, Quatsyl-D

10
Methods of Sanitation

• Physical Cleaning using a chemical with a mop or
  sponge (ex. Scrubbing a patient for a surgery or
  mopping a kennel floor)
• Cold Sterilization soaking items in a chemical
  disinfectant until they are used.

11

• Dry Heat incinerating an object or exposing it
  to flame (ex. Burning infected tissue)
• Radiation using ultraviolet or gamma rays. (UV
  are used to sterlize rooms gamma sterilize
  rubber, plastic, gloves and suture material).
  VERY DANGEROUS and expensive to use!

12

• Filtration removing particles from the air using
  a physical barrier (ex. Using facemasks, gloves
  and gowns or a ventilation system)
• Ultrasound passing high frequency sound waves
  through a solution to create a vibration that
  scrubs an object to remove debris. (commonly used
  as a method of cleaning instruments)

13

• Autoclave a sealed chamber in which objects are
  exposed to heat and steam under pressure. (used
  to sterilize items used in surgery)

14
Situation PracticeNumber each situation and
answer on your own paper. You will turn this in
at the end of class! (10)

• You are asked to mop the surgery room floor after
  all the surgeries have been done. When you go to
  do this, you are unable to find the surgery room
  mop. You know there is a mop for the kennel
  area. Should you use it? Why or why not?

15

• As Carrie is cleaning the surgery room, she
  notices a pack of sterilized instruments has been
  opened, but not used. What should she do with
  the pack?

16

• A dog suspected to have Leptospirosis is brought
  into the hospital. What precautions should be
  taken to ensure that this dog does not infect
  other dogs or humans?

17

• Jim is cleaning one of the exam rooms and finds
  several used vaccine syringes. What types of
  hazard do these represent and how should Jim
  dispose of them?

18

• You are going to assist the vet while she takes
  x-rays of a parrot. How should you prepare
  yourself?

19

• A new kennel worker starts today and it is your
  job to talk to him about safety. How would you
  explain an MSDS?

20

• A technician carrying a large bag of dog food
  slips on a wet floor and hurts his back. How
  could this injury have been prevented?

21

• A cat bites your hand while youre taking it out
  of its cage. What disease could you get and how
  could you prevent it?

22

• The vet wants you to clean and sterilize a set of
  surgical instruments. What are your options?

23

• Every Friday, Jane uses a special disinfectant to
  clean the exam rooms. She used the last bottle
  last Friday and the order for a new bottle has
  not arrived. The only cleaner she can find says
  For Use in Outdoor Kennels Only. Should Jane
  use the cleaner? Why or why not?