What is Biology?

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What is Biology?
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Biology is the Study of Life

• Biologist study the interactions of life.
• Entomologist
• Anthropologist
• Ornithologist
• Botanist
• Zoologist

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How does science define life?

• There are 8 different Characteristics that an
  organism must have to be considered.
• What might these be?
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vjuxLuo-sH6M
• Share with the person next to you and come up
  with 8 characteristics of all living things.

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Cells/Organization

• Living things are highly organized they are all
  composed of tiny living units called cells.
• Cells are the smallest units that are considered
  alive.
• Some organisms consist of only a single cell,
  others have trillions.
• Multicellular
• Unicellular

Image from http//www.time.com/time/daily/special
/genetics/ethics.html
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Obtain and use energy

• Living things take in energy to grow, develop and
  reproduce.
• The chemical reactions that build up or break
  down materials is called metabolism.

Image from http//photographytips.com/page.cfm/3
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Reproduction

• Individual organisms die, but the species
  continues because of reproduction.
• Reproduction without genetic contribution from
  two parents is called asexual.
• Sexual reproduction produces offspring with
  genetic material from both parents.

Imae from http//www.karlloren.com/biopsy/p66.htm
Image from http//www.cccturtle.org/contents.htm
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Growth and Development

• Living things grow over their lifetimes.
• Single- celled organisms increase their volume
  and multicellular organisms add to the number of
  cells in their body.
• Development example
• seed to apple tree

Image from http//www.sosun.com/company.html
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Response to the Environment

• When presented with the proper stimulus, a living
  organism will respond.
• Example chemical produced by a plant to keep
  caterpillars away.

Image from http//greennature.com/gallery/caterp
illar-pictures/cinnebar-caterpillar.html
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Living things evolve

• Groups of organisms will evolve or change over
  time.
• Evidence of these changes can be found in living
  things and fossils.
• Darwin and Natural Selection provide the evidence

satorismiles.com/.../
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Maintain stable internal environment

• Organism must keep their internal environment
  stable even when the external environment
  changes.
• Maintaining an organisms internal environment is
  referred to as homeostasis.
• Ex humans internal temperature

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Universal genetic code

• All information needed to live and grow is stored
  in a genetic code known as DNA.
• Information is passed from parent to offspring.

http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss3/DNA2.
gif
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Any Questions?Lets review.What are the
characteristics of life?Write down the
characteristics we talked about today
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Do scientists consider this living?

• Consider all 8 characteristics of life
• Do you think a virus is living or not and defend
  your answer?

http//s.hswstatic.com/gif/light-virus-1.jpg
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Unity and diversity of life

• How is the unity of life, the fact that all
  living things share the same characteristics
  explained?

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Lets go outside!

• You will come back inside and pair up with
  another person.
• Compare your observations. Group your specimens
  together and indicate why you grouped them that
  way.
• Make a list of similarities and differences.

• Part 1- Collect and/or observe 5 specimens from
  outside.
• They can be anything as long as we are not
  damaging the ecosystem
• Write down observations during your time outside.
• You have 10 minutes

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• Unity due to common ancestry
• Diversity having different forms through
  adaptations in response to different
• environments

http//www.riverdell.org/cms/lib05/NJ01001380/Cent
ricity/Domain/85/evolutionary_tree_of_life.gif
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Diversity

• Diversity of organisms has occurred through
  adaptations to different environments.
• Which characteristic of life does this connect
  to?
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vnYBT1pC7uuA

http//2.bp.blogspot.com/-1Lq_mfiF1BE/UGM7XK2RtzI/
AAAAAAAAA_0/IutmR0TLYfw/s1600/BIOLOGY.png
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Taxonomy

• Organization of organisms that have similar
  structures and function.
• Why should we classify organaisms?

http//www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/B
IOBK/kingdoms.gif
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Six Kingdoms and 3 Domains
http//go.hrw.com/venus_images/science/mbbios02005
a.jpg
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Classification

• Carl Linneaus developed modern taxonomy
• Organized organisms based on common structures
  which reflects evolutionary relationships
• Developed two part naming system called Binomial
  Nomeclature

http//media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/da/83/07/da
830730e48278b1393606ce552f8ccc.jpg