Acquiring New Lands

1
Acquiring New Lands

• America gets bigger and must learn to govern

2
Goals

• Describe the United States involvement in Puerto
  Rico and Cuba.
• Identify the causes and effects of the
  Philippine-American War.
• Explain the purpose of the open door policy in
  China.

3
Goals

• Summarize the views regarding US imperialism.

4
Ruling Puerto Rico

• Puerto Rico fell into three camps
• Independence
• Statehood
• Territory

5
Military Rule

• During SAW US military took over to protect
  property
• After the war returned to civilian rule
• PR important to US presence in Caribbean and
  important to canal

6
Civilian Rule

• 1900 passed the Foraker Act ended military rule,
  setup civilian rule
• Gave US president power to appoint governor and
  upper house
• PRs elected lower house

7
Civilian Rule

• 1901 SC rules Insular cases constitution does not
  extend to territories
• 1917 congress grants PR citizenship and to elect
  entire congress

8
Cuba and the US

• 1898 recognized Cuban independence, passed Teller
  amendment
• Teller we dont want Cuba
• Treaty of Paris guaranteed impendence for Cuba

9
Cuba

• After the war US occupied Cuba, same officials
  were in power
• Any dissent led to jail or exile
• US did provide food, clothing, ag help, and setup
  schools

10
Cuba

• US also helped improve sanitation and medicine
• Eliminated yellow fever
• 1900 Cuba wrote a constitution

11
Platt Amendment

• US insisted Cuba add some items called the Platt
  amendment
• 1. Cuba could not ask for protection from other
  countries
• 2. US could intervene anytime
• 3. Cuba could not go into debt

12
Platt Amendment

• 4. US could buy or lease land for a naval base
  (Guantanamo Bay)
• Cuba resisted but US held firm
• Cuba became a protectorate of the US for 31 years

13
Why Cuba?

• US wanted to protect business interests in
  tobacco, sugar, and mining
• Business leaders wanted to annex Cuba (like HI)
• In early 20th century US would intervene more in
  Latin America

14
Filipinos Rebel

• Treaty of Paris upset Filipinos, let US annex the
  country
• Though US had promised independence
• Vowed to fight for freedom

15
Filipinos-American War

• Filipinos used guerilla warfare, US used
  concentration camps
• Dirt, disease, starvation killed thousands
• AAs were sent, some deserted to help natives

16
War

• War took 3 years, 20,000 natives died, 4,000
  Americans, cost 400 million
• US setup government like PR
• Philippines independence July 4, 1946

17
China

• Though China was a market for goods and RR
  construction
• China was weak due to European powers and war
• John Hay 1899 issued Open Door policy

18
China

• Open Door policy- all imperialist nations should
  share China
• No nation should have a monopoly
• All agreed

19
China

• China was free but Europe dominated it
• Resentment grew into violence
• Boxer rebellion killed missionaries and Europeans

20
China

• Coalition of European forces, US, and Japan put
  down rebellion
• Thousands of Chinese people died in the fighting
• Victory led to greater control of China

21
China

• Open Door policy reflected a few beliefs about US
  industry
• 1. Growth of economy depended on exports
• 2. US had right to intervene to keep markets open
• 3. Closing of markets threatened US

22
US foreign policy

• These ideas became the foundation of US foreign
  policy
• Under McKinley the US gained an empire not
  everyone agreed

23
Anti-imperialist league

• Despite the gains of the US and McKinley's
  reelection some stood against him
• Grover Cleveland, Mark Twain, Jane Adams, and
  Carnegie all believed it was wrong for the US to
  control other countries