Animal Science and the Industry

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Exploring the Sheep Goat Industry
Lesson 4
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Common Core/Next Generation Science Standards
Addressed

• CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.9-10.4 - Determine the
  meaning of words and phrases as they are used in
  a text, including vocabulary describing
  political, social, or economic aspects of
  history/social science.
• CCSS.ELA-Literacy.WHST.9-10.2a - Introduce a
  topic and organize ideas, concepts, and
  information to make important connections and
  distinctions include formatting (e.g.,
  headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables), and
  multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.

3
Bell Work

• What is a ruminant animal?
• Name as many sheep breeds as you can.
• Name as many goat breeds as you can.

4
Student Learning Objectives

• Discuss terminology associated with sheep and
  goat production.
• Describe sheep and goats as organisms and compare
  them externally.
• Identify common breeds of sheep and goats.
• Explain methods of producing sheep and goats.
• List favorable and unfavorable factors.

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Terms

• Buck
• Cashmere
• Chammy
• Confinement
• Doe
• Ewe
• Kid
• Kidding

• Lamb
• Lambing
• Mohair
• Mutton
• Ram
• Wether
• Wool
• Yearling

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What are some specific terms used to describe
sheep and goat production?

• Doe
• female goat or sheep
• Buck
• male goat at any age
• Kid
• goat of either sex under 1 year of age
• Yearling
• goat of either sex over one year, but under 2
  years of age
• Wether
• male goat or sheep that has been castrated when
  young
• Ram
• male sheep used for breeding purposes

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What are some specific terms used to describe
sheep and goat production?

• Terms
• Ewe
• a female sheep
• Kidding
• process of a goat giving birth
• Lambing
• process of a sheep giving birth
• Lamb
• sheep under one year old
• meat from a young sheep
• Mutton
• meat from a sheep that is over one year of age
• Chammy
• leather made from sheep and goats
• Wool
• a sheeps coat that is used as a fiber for
  products such as clothing

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Lets Compare sheep and goats?
9
Sheep Goat Similarities

• Mammals
• Ruminant digestive systems
• Have divided hoofs
• Raised for food and clothing
• Important to economy

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What are some comparisons between sheep and goats?

• Sheep
• Declining numbers
• very efficient converters of feed to meat
• prefer broadleaf plants grasses
• weigh between 100 to 225 pounds at maturity
• live from 7 to 13 years

• Goats
• Increasing importance to the economy prefer to
  eat twigs leaves
• weigh between 20 and 150 pounds
• live 8 10 years
• produce 60 of mohair
• produce milk

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External Parts of a Goat
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External Parts of a Sheep
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What are common breeds of sheep and goats?

• over 200 breeds of sheep
• over 300 breeds of goats
• breed selection is based on personal needs and
  goals
• animals should come from reputable producers and
  be free of diseases

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Suffolk

• most popular sheep breed
• medium wool breed
• originated in England
• large bodied
• head, legs, ears are black, no wool on the heads
  and legs
• polled
• 8 10 lbs. fleece
• 150 lamb crop

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Dorset

• Originated in England
• medium-wool breed
• polled or horned
• completely white
• medium sized body
• 7 8 lbs. fleece
• Ewes breed out of season for fall lambs
• muscular carcasses
• good milk producers

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Hampshire

• Originated in England
• large sheep
• polled
• black faces, noses, ears, and legs
• early maturing
• good milkers
• 7 8 lbs. fleece

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Oxford

• Originated in England
• medium-wool breed
• very large breed
• polled
• face, ears, legs gray to brown
• 10 12 lbs. fleece
• lambs grow quickly
• used in crossbreeding

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Rambouillet

• A wool breed developed in France, descendant of
  the Merino breed.
• Noted for its fine wool.
• White in color with horns.
• Very common on NM ranches.

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Debouillet

• Developed on the Jones ranch in Tatum NM.
• A Merino cross developed for fine wool quality.
• Goal was to develop a breed adapted to arid
  climates and yield high quality wool.

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Columbia

• Developed in Wyoming by the USDA in 1912.
• Large open faced medium wool breed.
• Polled
• Heavier muscled than many other wool breeds.

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Southdown

• An English meat breed.
• One of the smallest breeds of sheep.
• Gray muzzle with small dusty colored ears.
• Outstanding carcasses!

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Angora

• Originated in Turkey
• well adapted to areas not fit for others
• almost totally white at maturity
• produce 7 lbs. mohair
• horned
• long droopy ears
• buck weigh 125 175 lbs
• does weigh 80 90 lbs.

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Pygmy

• Originally exported from Africa
• only 16 to 23 inches tall at withers
• horned
• any color or combination
• research, pets, 4-H and FFA projects, zoos

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Cashmere Goats

• Developed by selective
• breeding
• Cashmere
• soft undercoat of fine down produced by goats
• large demand for cashmere
• Solid colored goats are preferred in cashmere
  production

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Dairy Goats
LaMancha

• produce 5 lbs. of milk daily
• more minerals than cows milk
• easier to digest
• Dairy breeds
• French Alpine
• LaMancha
• Nubian
• Saanen
• Toggenburg

Saanen
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Meat Goats

• The Boar goat is the most popular Meat goat in
  New Mexico
• Meat goats produce both milk and meat
• The largest meat goat population in the U.S is in
  Texas

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How do you produce sheep and goats?

• Farm/ranch Flock
• can have 1 to 1,000 animals
• located in midwestern, eastern and southern,
  southwestern U.S.
• purpose are to produce market lambs and wool

• Purebred Flock
• sells rams and ewes of an ideal type
• high management requirements
• knowledge of genetics
• 4-H FFA members get their first animals from
  these producers

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How do you produce sheep and goats?

• Range band method
• large bands of sheep between 1,000 and 1,500
  being managed over a large area
• high vegetation area animals are used for meat
• low vegetation animals are used for wool

• Confinement Method
• Confinement
• raising animals completely indoors
• less land
• fewer parasite problems
• ability to monitor animals
• increased building cost
• higher feed costs
• intense management

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How do you produce sheep and goats?

• Lamb feeding production
• involves weaning lambs and selling them to
  feedlots where the lambs are fed out to slaughter
  weight

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List favorable and unfavorable production factors.
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What are some favorable and unfavorable
production factors you may want to consider
before starting a sheep or goat business?

• Price for wool changes often
• Consumption of lamb mutton are not as common
• Cotton other material are used frequently and
  that decreases the demand for wool
• predators can kill sheep
• return on investment is usually fast

• sheep more susceptible to parasites and are less
  resistant to diseases
• castrating other health needs can be difficult
• difficult to find knowledgeable help
• easily raised on rough terrain with little feed
• dual income for meat wool
• animals are easy to handle by young people

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Review

• What are some specific terms used to describe
  sheep and goat production?
• What are some comparisons between sheep and
  goats?
• What are common breeds of sheep and goats?
• How do you produce sheep and goats?
• What are some favorable and unfavorable
  production factors you may want to consider some
  facts before starting a sheep or goat business?

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The End!