Test Review: Part 2

1
Test Review Part 2

• Naptime Continues

2
Political Spectrum

• p. 255
• Left-Wing Beliefs
• Welfare of all citizens
• Big Government
• Rights of all citizens to be protected fairly and
  equally
• Centrist Beliefs
• Tradition is important, but dont fear change
• Medium Government
• Protect rights of individuals
• Right-Wing Beliefs
• Tradition is important, and change can be
  dangerous
• Small Government (rely on business)
• Protect society and its traditions

3
Specific Ideologies
4
Specific Ideologies

• Communism
• Government should own property and control
  business
• People work together for common good
• Socialism
• Public should own and control business, for the
  benefit of all citizens

5
Specific Ideologies

• Liberalism
• Government should provide services for citizens
  to improve minimum standard of living
• Balances between social freedoms and protecting
  civil liberties
• Conservatism
• Government should have little influence on
  business
• Business should provide services for citizens

6
Specific Ideologies

• Fascism
• National pride and loyalty more important than
  the individual
• Strong military
• Government controls of all aspects of life
• Enforces traditions
• Demands loyalty to a single leader and single
  culture

7
Canadas Political Parties
?
8
BCs Political Parties
9
Influencing Government

• Contact your MP, MLA, or municipal politician
• Letter to the Editor
• Petition
• Present a Brief
• Protest
• Court
• Pressure/Lobby Group

10
Influencing Government

• Pressure/Lobby Groups
• Groups who seek to influence government policies
• Institutionalized
• Issue-Oriented
• Lobbyist
• Mass Media
• Spreads information and opinions

11
Civil Disobedience

• Intentionally breaking laws considered unjust
• Three Principles
• Non-violence
• Target laws that are seriously harmful
• Take responsibility and face punishment

12
Legal System

• Judicial Branch
• Interprets and administers the law
• Courts and judges
• Rule of Law
• fixed set of laws that applies to all people
  equally
• Legal Tradition
• Based on British law, except Quebec civil law
  (French Code Napoléon)

13
Categories of Law

• Civil Law
• Deals with relations between private parties,
  such as individuals and companies (contracts,
  property, etc.)
• Criminal Law
• Deals with matters that affect society (assault,
  theft, vandalism, etc.)
• Crimes are considered to be committed against the
  state, not individual victims

14
Provincial Courts

• Provinces are responsible for the administration
  of justice
• BC Court System
• p. 275
• Appeal Court of BC
• Supreme Court of BC
• Indictable offences
• Provincial Court
• Summary offences

15
Supreme Court of Canada

• Highest court in Canada
• Rules on constitutional issues and is the final
  court of appeal for select criminal cases

16
Canadian Constitution

• Written Constitution
• Canadian Constitution Act (1982)
• Pushed by PM Pierre Trudeau
• Description of powers (rules for government and
  law-making)
• Charter of Rights and Freedoms
• Amending Formula
• Unwritten Constitution

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Charter of Rights and Freedoms

• Freedoms
• Freedom of conscience and religion
• Freedom of thought and expression
• Freedom of peaceful assembly
• Freedom of association

18
Charter of Rights and Freedoms

• Rights
• Democratic
• Mobility
• Legal
• Equality
• Language
• Enforcement
• If rights denied, take to SC of Canada

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Rights in Conflict

• Limiting Clause
• rights and freedoms are not absolute
• may be limited if considered justifiable in a
  free and democratic society by the SC of Canada
• Notwithstanding Clause
• Loophole that allows provincial governments to
  pass laws that violate the Charter