Ionic Bonds

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Section 6-1

• Ionic Bonds

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Ionic Bonds

• Ionic Bonding bonds between cations and anions
  that have opposite charges
• Cation positive ion
• Anion negative ion
• Electrons are transferred
• Occurs between a metal and a nonmetal

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Properties of Ionic Bonds

• Mostly solids at room temperature
• Have high melting points due to high attractive
  forces between the ions
• Can conduct electricity when melted or dissolved
  in water

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2. Covalent Bonding

• Sharing of Electrons
• Occurs between two nonmetals
• Electrons are more strongly attracted to the atom
  that is more electronegative
• Nonpolar shared equally
• Have little to no electronegativity difference
  between the atoms
• Ex H-H

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Covalent Continued

• Polar unequally shared
• Have significant different electronegativities
  between the atoms.
• Ex H-Cl

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Covalent Bonding

• Sharing of Electrons
• Occurs between two nonmetals

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Multiple Bonds

• Double Bonds two pairs of shared electrons
• Triple Bond three pairs of shared electrons

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Properties of Covalent Bonds

• Lower melting and boiling points than ionic
  compounds
• Mostly gases and liquids at room temperature
• Low conductivity

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Types of Covalent Bonds

• 1. Nonpolar shared equally
• Have little to no electronegativity difference
  between the atoms
• Ex H-H

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• 2. Polar unequally shared
• Have significant different electronegativities
  between the atoms.
• Ex H-Cl