Methods used to control the spread of infection 2.02 Understand infection control procedures

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Methods used to control the spread of infection
2.02 Understand infection control procedures
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Vaccinations
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Vaccinations

• Administration of a foreign antigen to produce
  immunity to a disease.
• Most effective and least expensive method to
  prevent disease

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Vaccinations

• Injected pathogen may be live, weakened, killed
  or inactivated
• Administered to stimulate the immune response

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Vaccinations

• May be given after disease exposure or after the
  disease was contracted
• Given by injection or orally

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Asepsis

• Absence of pathogens

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Aseptic Control

• Antisepsis
• Disinfection
• Sterilization

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Antisepsis

• effective in preventing or inhibiting the growth
  of pathogenic organisms
• Not effective against spores or viruses
• safe to be used on skin
• Examples
• Alcohol
• Betadine

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Disinfection
Zephiran
Lysol

• Chemicals used to destroys pathogenic organisms
  that are already present
• Not always effective against spores or viruses
• not used on skin used on objects

90 isopropyl alcohol
10 bleach solution
formaldehyde-alcohol
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Disinfection

• instruments that dont penetrate body tissue
• dental instruments
• percussion hammers
• thermometers

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Sterilization

• kills all microorganisms
• Effective against spores and viruses
• methods
• steam under pressure (Autoclave)
• Gas (Autoclave)
• radiation
• chemicals
• not used on skin used on objects

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Autoclave Sterilization

• Uses steam under pressure or gas
• Before wrapping, instruments must be clean
• Wraps must allow for penetration of steam

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Autoclave Sterilization

• Indicators are used to ensure articles have been
  sterilized
• Autoclave tape, sensitivity marks on bags or
  wraps, indicator capsules
• Contaminated if wrap becomes torn or wet
• Expires in 30 days