Western Europe

1
Western Europe
2
Western Europe

• People and Lands

3
France
4
France

• Most people are descended from invaders.

5
France

• Most people are descended from invaders.
• Celts
• Romans
• German
• Norse

6
France

• Languages
• 1500 French, Basque, Breton, Dutch, Walloon,
  Picard, and Provencal all spoken in France.

7
France

• Languages
• 1500 French, Basque, Breton, Dutch, Walloon,
  Picard, and Provencal all spoken in France.
• Currently only French is tolerated. In some cases
  laws have been written to discourage other
  languages.

8
Germany
9
Germany

• Descendents
• Most come from Germanic tribes.

10
Germany

• History
• Small independent territories ruled by nobles for
  many years.

11
Germany

• History
• Small independent territories ruled by nobles for
  many years.
• Short history as a country (little more than 100
  years).

12
Germany

• History
• Small independent territories ruled by nobles for
  many years.
• Short history as a country (little more than 100
  years).
• Separated by World War II for about 45 years.

13
Austria
14
Austria

• Descended from
• Germanic, Celts, Romans, Asians, and Magyars
  (Hungarian).

15
Austria

• Descended from
• Germanic, Celts, Romans, Asians, and Magyars
  (Hungarian).
• Languages
• Most speak a dialect of German

16
Austria

• History
• Vast empire centered in Vienna, Austria.

17
Austria

• History
• Vast empire centered in Vienna, Austria.
• European political and commercial center.

18
Austria

• History
• Vast empire centered in Vienna, Austria.
• European political and commercial center.
• Fell apart in 1918 as World War I ended.

19
Benelux Countries
20
Benelux Countries

• Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg.

21
Benelux Countries

• Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
• Descended from
• Belgium
• Franks (Flemings) live in the North and speak
  Flemish.

22
Benelux Countries

• Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
• Descended from
• Belgium
• Franks (Flemings) live in the North and speak
  Flemish.
• Celts (Walloons) live in the South and speak
  Walloon.

23
Benelux Countries

• Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
• Descended from
• Belgium
• Franks (Flemings) live in the North and speak
  Flemish.
• Celts (Walloons) live in the South and speak
  Walloon.
• The Netherlands
• Speak a Germanic language of Dutch.

24
Benelux Countries

• Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
• Descended from
• Belgium
• Franks (Flemings) live in the North and speak
  Flemish.
• Celts (Walloons) live in the South and speak
  Walloon.
• The Netherlands
• Speak a Germanic language of Dutch.
• Luxembourg
• Share ancestry with Belgium, France, and Germany.

25
Benelux Countries

• Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
• Descended from
• Belgium
• Franks (Flemings) live in the North and speak
  Flemish.
• Celts (Walloons) live in the South and speak
  Walloon.
• The Netherlands
• Speak a Germanic language of Dutch.
• Luxembourg
• Share ancestry with Belgium, France, and Germany.
• Speak French, German, and Letzeburgesch (local
  dialect)

26
Switzerland
27
Switzerland

• History
• Conquered by the Roman Empire in 58 B.C.

28
Switzerland

• History
• Conquered by the Roman Empire in 58 B.C.
• Languages
• 3 official languages German, French, and Italian

29
Switzerland

• History
• Conquered by the Roman Empire in 58 B.C.
• Languages
• 3 official languages German, French, and Italian
• 1 speak Romansh like Latin.

30
Liechtenstein
31
Liechtenstein

• History
• Ruling family bought land 1699 and 1712 and made
  the country.

32
Liechtenstein

• History
• Ruling family bought land 1699 and 1712 and made
  the country.
• Size
• 62 square miles so small it is called a
  microstate.

33
Monaco
34
Monaco

• People
• 31,000 residents.

35
Monaco

• People
• 31,000 residents.
• Less than 1 in 7 are Monegasque (natives of
  Monaco)

36
Monaco

• People
• 31,000 residents.
• Less than 1 in 7 are Monegasque (natives of
  Monaco)
• Rest are wealthy Americans, or Europeans.

37
Monaco

• People
• 31,000 residents.
• Less than 1 in 7 are Monegasque (natives of
  Monaco)
• Rest are wealthy Americans, or Europeans.
• Size
• Less than 1 square mile.

38
Recent History

• Lack of cultural heritage has been the cause of
  conflicts
• World War I
• World War II
• The Cold War

39
Land
40
Land

• Northern and Eastern Hemispheres.

41
Land

• Northern and Eastern Hemispheres.
• Long coastlines for many of the countries.

42
Land

• Northern and Eastern Hemispheres.
• Long coastlines for many of the countries.
• Vast natural resources.

43
Land

• Northern and Eastern Hemispheres.
• Long coastlines for many of the countries.
• Vast natural resources.
• Northern European Plain
• Runs across the Northern part of Western Europe.
• Very flat and excellent for farming

44
Land

• The importance of water

45
Land

• The importance of water
• Rivers
• Rhine (France, Germany, and The Netherlands)
• Rhone, Seine, and the Loire (France)
• Elbe (Germany)
• Danube (Germany and Austria)

46
Land

• The importance of water
• Rivers
• Rhine (France, Germany, and The Netherlands)
• Rhone, Seine, and the Loire (France)
• Elbe (Germany)
• Danube (Germany and Austria)
• Canals
• Link major rivers with smaller rivers.
• North Sea Canal in The Netherlands is the worlds
  deepest and widest (50 feet deep and 525 feet
  wide)

47
Land

• The Alps

48
Land

• The Alps
• Highest mountains in Europe (6,000 to 8,000 feet).

49
Land

• The Alps
• Highest mountains in Europe (6,000 to 8,000
  feet).
• Separate the Northern European Plain from the
  Mediterranean region.

50
Land

• The Alps
• Highest mountains in Europe (6,000 to 8,000
  feet).
• Separate the Northern European Plain from the
  Mediterranean region.
• Main economic activity is tourism.

51
Climate
52
Climate

• Coastal areas
• Mild winters and cool summers due to the North
  Atlantic Drift.

53
Climate

• Coastal areas
• Mild winters and cool summers due to the North
  Atlantic Drift.
• Northern Western Europe
• Moderate climate with a long growing season.
• Plenty of precipitation for farming.

54
Climate

• Coastal areas
• Mild winters and cool summers due to the North
  Atlantic Drift.
• Northern Western Europe
• Moderate climate with a long growing season.
• Plenty of precipitation for farming.
• Southern Western Europe
• Drier and warmer good for growing grapes

55
Climate

• Coastal areas
• Mild winters and cool summers due to the North
  Atlantic Drift.
• Northern Western Europe
• Moderate climate with a long growing season.
• Plenty of precipitation for farming.
• Southern Western Europe
• Drier and warmer good for growing grapes
• Alpine
• Warm summers and cold winters.

56
Vegetation
57
Vegetation

• Lowlands and Plains
• Broadleaf Deciduous trees (birch, oak, and
  beech) The Ardennes in Belgium and The Black
  Forest of Germany.

58
Vegetation

• Lowlands and Plains
• Broadleaf Deciduous trees (birch, oak, and
  beech) The Ardennes in Belgium and The Black
  Forest of Germany.
• Alpine regions
• Low elevations Coniferous trees (spruce, fir,
  pine, and larch)
• Higher elevations only a few wildflowers.