Biology, 6e

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LEC 07
Families Part III Monocots w/ Non-Showy Flowers
FIELD BOTANY Lecture 07 Dr. Donald P. Althoff
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Set III all __________

• Grass family
• Sedge family
• Rush family
• Cattail family
• Arrowhead family
• Water Nymph family
• Pondweed family
• Duckweed family

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Grass Family -- Poaceae

• Older family designation is Gramineaewhich leads
  to the term _____________
• Graminoids grasses and sedges and rushes (think
  narrow blades/leaves)
• Most are herbaceous but some woody (think bamboo)
• They _____ showy petals and sepals because they
  are _______________

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Grass Family

• grass plants maintain 3 defining characteristics
  from other members of the plant kingdom
• petal-less flowers emerge between the bracts on
  leaf-less stems
• leaves on grass plants take on a flat form
  and stretch out long and slender. At the
  stem, these leaves cling tightly and form a type
  of sheath.
• the round stems remain hollow in the center.
  The nodes, or joints, along the stem also
  appear swollen.

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Sedge Family

• TAXONICALLY ____________ perennial
  graminoids (herbs and forbs)
• Species include fox sedge Grays
  sedge lake (hairy) sedge palm
  (Muskingum) sedge yellownut sedge

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Sedge Family stem pattern

• _____usually. Results in __________ stem
• Stem is ______ (vs. grass which is hollow)
• ___________sheath (vs. grass which is open)

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Sedge Family stem pattern

• _____ lumpy nodes (vs. grasses)
• _____ lack edges example with round stems is
  Scripus sp. aka bulrushes..but some

panicled bulrush
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Sedge Family key then

• Sedges have ______ but grasses have ______
• And look for _____ stems

Squarrose sedge (Carex squarrosa) squarrosa is
Latin for scruffy ...not 4-sided ?
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Rush Family

• TAXONICALLY ___________ perennial
  graminoids (herbs and forbs)
• Species include slender rush flatleave
  d rush alpine rush poverty
  rush slimpod rush common rush

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Rush Family patterns

• _______ stems.
• Stem is ____ (vs. grass which is hollow)
• Flowers like ____
  __ sepals __
  petals __-parted stigma
  __-chambered ovary __-stamens (usually)

top down cross-section view
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Rush Family why lily like?

• The __ sepals, __ petals, 6 stamens pattern
• The difference, though rush flowers are ______
  and ______

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Cattail Family

• TAXONICALLY _____________ perennial herbs
  and forbs
• ____ a graminoid representative !
• Species include broadleaf
  cattail (OH) narrow leaf cattail
  (OH) southern cattail (not OH)

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Cattail Family

• ____ leaves _________________ appearance
• Male female parts

_____ flowerthey wither after releasing pollen
_______ flowerthis portion matures into familiar
cattail
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Arrowhead Family

• TAXONICALLY ________________ perennial herbs
  and forbs
• _________ species!
• Species include arrowhead water
  plantain burhead

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Arrowhead Family

• __ white petals
• __ green sepals

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Arrowhead Family

• __ or more simple pistils
• ____ or more stamens

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Arrowhead Family

• Leaves ______________
• Leaves are _____
• Considered a very __________ monocot

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Water Nymph Family

• TAXONICALLY _____________ perennial herbs
  and forbs
• _______ species! __________ submerged
• Species include brittle water-nymph wat
  er nymph

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Water Nymph Family

• Male (__________) and female (__________) flowers
  
• Leaves are _____ and ________
• Leaf base stipules or sheathed

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Pondweed Family

• TAXONICALLY _________________ perennial herbs
  and forbs
• _______species species! Fresh Saltwater spp.
• ________ and _________ leaves
• Species include pondweed x eel
  grass ditch grass

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Pondweed Family

• ___ pistils
• __ stamens
• _________ where sepals and petals
  indistinguishable

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eel grass
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Duckweed Family

• TAXONICALLY ______________ perennial herbs
  and forbs
• __________ species
• Includes worlds smallest flowering plant
• Species include common duckweed greater
  duckweed bogmat water meal

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Duckweed Family

• Leaves flowers ______
• Roots _____ from floating plant

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Duckweed Family

• Eaten by many bird and mammal species
• Easily __________ as whole plants