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Trends%20In%20Peanut%20Weed%20Control

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Trends In Peanut Weed Control Dr. Eric P. Prostko Extension Weed Specialist University of Georgia Tifton December 2002 Trends in Peanut Weed Control Topics for ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Trends%20In%20Peanut%20Weed%20Control


1
Trends In Peanut Weed Control
  • Dr. Eric P. Prostko
  • Extension Weed Specialist
  • University of Georgia
  • Tifton

December 2002
2
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

3
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

4
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlStrip-Tillage
Production
Source UGA Peanut Production Surveys
5
Strip-Tillage Weed Control
  • timing of burndown
  • paraquat, glyphosate, 2,4-D, Valor
  • yellow herbicides?
  • Incorporation
  • Florida pusley, evening primrose, Texas millet
  • perennial weeds?

6
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

7
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlHerbicide
Incorporation
Source UGA Peanut Production Surveys
8
Herbicide Incorporation
or
Equally as effective Center-pivot irrigation is
2-7/A cheaper!
9
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

10
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlMechanical
Cultivation
Source UGA Peanut Production Surveys
11
Why has mechanical cultivation declined?
  • disease management
  • better herbicides
  • time savings
  • strip-tillage increases
  • fuel prices

12
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

13
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlSoil-Applied
Herbicides - I
Source UGA Peanut Production Surveys
14
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlSoil-Applied
Herbicides - II
Source UGA Peanut Production Surveys
15
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlPostemergence
Herbicides - I
Source UGA Peanut Production Surveys
16
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlPostemergence
Herbicides - II
Source UGA Peanut Production Surveys
17
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

18
What about reduced rates?
  • not labeled but not illegal
  • companies will not support failures
  • not a guarantee to minimize crop rotation issues
  • part of a total program
  • future RD and new products

19
Reduced RatesDo they work???
20
The Response of Weeds to Various Cadre Rates in
Georgia
Applied EPOST (C-2LF)
Webster et al. 1997
21
The Response of Weeds to Various Cadre Rates in
Georgia
Applied EPOST
Webster et al. 1997
22
Hophornbeam Copperleaf ControlRandolph County,
GA - 2001
Strongarm 0.113 ozs Valor 0.75 ozs/A
Strongarm (0.45 ozs/A)
Valor (3 ozs/A)
Untreated
6 WAT
23
Weed control in peanuts with reduced rates of
Strongarm and Valor, 2002.
Untreated
Valor 3 oz/A
Strongarm 0.45 oz/A
Strongarm 0.113 oz/A Valor 0.75 oz/A
Attapulgus, GA 7 WAP
24
Reduced rates can work if..
  • The weed is susceptible
  • good growing/application conditions exist
  • the application is timely (small weeds)

Full rates help to overcome variability of
application due to weed size, improper sprayer
calibration, environmental conditions, etc.
25
What kind of grower might consider using reduced
rates?
A grower who ...
  • regularly calibrates his sprayer
  • has irrigation or can predict when it will rain
  • gets consistent weed control at full rates
  • understands the difference between 2 and 4
  • can cover his acreage in a short time period
  • is willing to scout his field regularly
  • is willing to accept less than 100 weed control
  • is not a lawyer or close friends with one

26
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

27
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTank-Mixes
  • herbicides
  • fungicides
  • insecticides
  • foliar fertilizers
  • reductions in time and money
  • may not be well researched or clearly labeled

28
Herbicide/Fungicide Tank-Mixes
29
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

30
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlWeed Shifts
Top 5 Most Common Weeds in GA Peanuts
31
Tropical spiderwortCommelina benghalensis
  • annual or perennial
  • seeds and rhizomes
  • above and below ground flowers
  • 1600 seeds/plant
  • high soil moisture and fertility
  • problem weed in other countries (Holms)

32
Tropical spiderwortHow bad is it?????
Grady County, GA 2001
33
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

34
Herbicide ResistanceAround the World
  • 261 Resistant Biotypes
  • 157 Species (95 dicots and 62 monocots)
  • over 210,000 fields

Source Heap, I. The International Survey of
Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Online. Internet.
December 2, 2002 .
35
Herbicide ResistanceSoutheast
36
Glyphosate ResistanceThey said it was unlikely!
  • Horseweed
  • DE (2000)
  • TN (2001)
  • Goosegrass
  • Malaysia (1997)
  • Italian Ryegrass
  • Chile (2001)
  • Rigid Ryegrass
  • Australia (1996)
  • California (1998)
  • South Africa (2001)

Weed Technology, 1997 11189-198
37
Biotechnology Varieties Planted in the US in 2002
SourceUSDA/NASS June 2002
38
Herbicide Resistant WeedsStrategies for
Control/Prevention
  • prevention is the key!!!
  • utilize other weed control tactics (cultivation,
    row patterns, etc).
  • rotate herbicides with different MOA
  • rotate crops
  • scout fields
  • prevent seed production
  • clean tillage and harvesting equipment

39
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlTopics for
Discussion
  • tillage
  • incorporation
  • cultivation
  • herbicide use
  • reduced rates
  • tank-mixes
  • weed shifts
  • resistance
  • R D

40
Trends in Peanut Weed ControlR D
  • have had a few good years (Cadre, Select,
    Strongarm, Valor)
  • peanut is a minor crop
  • only 2 products currently in pipeline (Spartan,
    Cobra)
  • Will they make it?
  • Do we need them?

41
The Peanut Weed Control Toolbox
42
The Future?My Predictions
  • limited new herbicides
  • 25 or less on herbicides
  • increase in reduced rates and combinations
  • new uses for older products
  • increases in resistance
  • weed shifts
  • perennials
  • unknowns

43
University of Georgia
Extension Weed Science (gaweed.com)
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