Radar

1
Radar lidar observations of cloudsUWERN Cloud
systems and Orography meeting

• Robin Hogan
• University of Reading, UK
• Current and future Chilbolton capabilities
• Cloud physics and model evaluation work at
  Chilbolton
• Global model evaluation and cloud radiative
  properties from A-train data (CloudSat, Calipso
  and Aqua)

2
Chilbolton capabilities
Radars
CAMRa 3 GHz Precipitation, clouds Scanning Z, Doppler, polarization
UFAM Acrobat 1 GHz Boundary-layer dynamics Scanning Z, clear-air Doppler
UFAM Copernicus 35 GHz Clouds Vertical Z, Doppler, LDR, 24/7 operation
Galileo 94 GHz Clouds Vertical Z, Doppler
Viper New! 3 GHz Clouds, precipitation Vertical Z, 24/7 operation
Rothamstead VLR 10 GHz Insects Vertical Insect properties, 24/7 operation
Lidars
RAMAN 355 nm Humidity, temperature Vertical, case study operation
Vaisala ceilometer 905 nm Clouds, aerosols Vertical, 24/7 operation
Leosphere New! 355 nm Clouds, aerosols Vertical/45º, polarization, 24/7 operation
Halo New! 1.6 mm Boundary-layer dynamics Vert./scanning, Doppler, 24/7 operation
Radiation, surface energy budget, aerosols,
models, satellite
CIMEL Sun photometer Aerosol optical depth size 24/7
Dual-wavelength microwave radiometers Liquid water path and water vapour path 24/7
Sonic anemometer open-path H2O probe New! Sensible and latent heat flux, momentum flux 24/7
Standard met instruments including distrometer Temperature, raindrop size distribution etc. 24/7
Pyranometer and pyrgeometer Downwelling shortwave and longwave irradiance 24/7
UFAM Tethered balloon? Proposal submitted to CAA In-situ measurements to 1.2 km
Radiosondes 25 km from Larkhill, which can launch extra sondes during case studies
Meteosat Second Generation GERB fluxes, SEVIRI radiances cloud products archived over site 24/7
Models Forecasts from seven operational European models archived over site as part of Cloudnet 24/7
3
Cloud physics and model evaluation

• Field campaigns and FAAM/Chilbolton experiments
• Present proposed NERC campaigns CSIP, CWVC,
  ICEPIC, APPRAISE
• Met Office campaigns CAESAR, MICROMIX,
  evaluation of 1, 4 km model
• New capabilities at Chilbolton and FAAM will
  allow more detailed study of cloud physics
  aerosol (e.g. APPRAISE, POL45), Sc dynamics (NERC
  Sc)
• Cloud physics work comparing radar to CRM
• Detailed case studies have been performed with
  deep convection (Brown and Swann 1997), cirrus
  (Marsham and Dobbie 2005) and mixed-phase cloud
  (Clark et al. 2005, Marsham et al. 2006)
• CRM still in need of detailed evaluation! Need to
  test new prognostic IN scheme, drizzle formation,
  simulation of cloud inhomogeneities etc.
• Long-term evaluation of forecast models
• In Cloudnet (EU FP5) led by Chilbolton/Reading,
  seven operational forecast models have been
  evaluated over three years three sites
• First ever long-term evaluation of model cloud
  fraction, LWC and IWC
• Substantial differences found, but continued
  funding is needed to test and improve the latest
  versions of models and new parameterizations

4
Observations

• NCAS-2 proposal Theme T2 includes
• Postdoc to process the raw data to obtain cloud
  products for rapid evaluation of clouds in models
  
• This would include algorithm development and
  support for other uses of the data LEM studies,
  evaluation of satellite retrievals etc.

Illingworth, Hogan, OConnor et al. (BAMS,
accepted for publication)
Models
5
Global cloud observations from the A-train
CloudSat, Calipso, MODIS and CERES

• First two sentences of S9 theme stress
• Representation of clouds in climate models,
  particularly cloud physics and radiation
• This issue should be one of the key links between
  NCAS Weather and NCAS Climate
• The A-train of satellites offers the perfect
  opportunity to
• Put Cloudnet in space global evaluation of
  clouds in ECMWF and MO climate models
• Calculate the radiative effect of each cloud type
  globally and evaluate climate models in more
  detail than ever before
• NERC-funded A-train work at Reading
• Hogan, Illingworth, Delanoe 2 PhDs
• Collaboration with Met Office and ECMWF
• Consortium proposal with NCAS Climate to evaluate
  high-res simulations of the tropics

Cloudsat radar and Calipso lidar launched in
April 2006 behind the Aqua satellite
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• Work is progressing to develop a variational
  radar/lidar/radiometer retrieval scheme cloud
  products will be available to the community
• UK is providing the scientific leadership for the
  approved 2012 ESA EarthCARE mission, to carry
  radar lidar on same platform it is the only
  Earth Explorer mission (out of 5) dealing with
  physical processes in the atmosphere

• Calipso lidar
• CloudSat radar

Eastern Russia
Japan
Sea of Japan
East China Sea
First light data from Cloudsat and Calipso on 7
June 2006
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• Liquid water content evaluation 2004,
• 3 sites,
• 7 models
• Ice water content comparison

Illingworth, Hogan, OConnor et al. (accepted for
publication in BAMS)
8
LEM/radar mixed-phase comparisons

• Radar/lidar observations of glaciating altocumulus