Analogies

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Analogies

• Understanding Word Patterns

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Analogies

• are Word Relationships

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A definition

• An analogy is a comparison between two things,
  and the comparison is used to determine the
  relationship between different sets of things.
• Bark is to dog as meow is to cat.

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Word Analogies

• Analogies develop logic.
• Analyze two words and identify the relationship
  between them.
• Find another pair of words that has the same
  relationship.
• AND the order must be in same

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Many Different Types of Analogies

• Synonym cool is to chilly
• Antonym hot is to cold
• Homonym there is to their
• Category/subcategory vegetable is to celery
• Part to whole core is to apple
• Function to thing cook is to stove
• Functions microwave is to cook
• Verb Forms go is to goes

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Synonyms

• Words that have the same meanings

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Types of Analogies

• Whats the relationship?
• DRY ARID lost misled
• Both words have similar meanings so this
  relationship is a synonym

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Antonyms

• Words that have opposite meanings

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Types of Analogies

• Whats the relationship?
• KIND CRUEL happy sad
• Both words have opposite meanings, so their
  relationship is an antonym.

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Homonyms

• Same sound, different meanings

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Types of Analogies

• Whats the relationship?
• Hair is to hare as bear is to bare.
• Present present read reed
• Both words have the same sounds, so their
  relationship is a homonym

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Category-Subcategoryor Subcategory-Category

• Category a class or group of things, people,
  etc., possessing some quality or qualities in
  common
• Subcategory A subdivision that has common
  differentiating characteristics within a larger
  category.

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Types of Analogies

• Example Color is to red as number is to five.
• Categories color and number
• Sub-Categories red and five

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Whole-Part or Part-Whole

• WHOLE includes everything. Part is only a part
  of the whole.
• Hand is to finger as foot is to toe.
• Whole hand/foot
• Part finger/ toe

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Types of Analogies

• Whats the relationship?
• POEM STANZA play act
• CHAPTER BOOK fender automobile
• Part-Whole

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Function

• An activity or purpose natural to or intended for
  a person or thing

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Types of Analogies

• Whats the relationship?
• KNIFE CUT shovel dig
• The function of a knife is to cut.
• Function

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Verb Tenses

• a category that locates a situation in time, to
  indicate when the situation takes place
• Examples past, present, future

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Types of Analogies

• Win is to won as lose is to lost.
• Swim swam eat ate.
• Present and past tenses are Verb Tenses

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How do you choose the correct word to complete
an analogy?
Types of Analogies
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Guidelines to solve analogies

• decide upon the relationship between first 2
  words
• state the relationship - car is to tire
  because___________
• examine the third word chair
• select a fourth word that will make the
  third-fourth word have the same relationship as
  the first-second word
• be ready to explain your fourth word selection
• Car is to tire as chair is to ______.

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Model and Practice

• On is to off as start is to __________.

• stop, opposites

• Nail is to finger as hair is to _________.

• head, part to whole

• Eye is to see as ear is to ____________.

• hear, thing to function

• Swift is to deer as slow is to _________.

• turtle, characteristic to thing

• Wool is to sheep as egg is to _________.

• chicken, product to thing

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Now what do you think?

• Is this analogy correct?

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More Analogies to Solveon my website

• Quia - Awesome Analogies Practice your
  knowledge of analogies through these interactive
  challenge questions. http//www.quia.com/cb/7146
  .html
• Quia Hangman Analogies - Here is an interactive
  hangman game format to practice analogies.
  http//www.quia.com/hm/22953.html
• Fact Monster Analogy of the Day - Practice for
  every day! http//www.factmonster.com/analogi
  es

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For the next few days,

• You will be practicing each of these analogies.
  Then, there will be a quiz. Look to the homework
  board to see when that quiz will be.