HEART PHYSIOLOGY

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HEART PHYSIOLOGY

• How the heart works.

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HEART SOUNDS
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• Blood turbulence from closing valves
• 2 sounds
• lubb (closing of valves between atria and
  ventricles)
• Dupp (closing of valves after ventricles)

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ELECTROCARDIOGRAM(ECG or EKG)
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• Recorded electrical currents of heart
• Determine healthy heart

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FACTORS AFFECTING BLOOD FLOW
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• Vol. of blood through any tissue for a given time
  period.
• Factors
• Cardiac output heart rate x stroke volume
• Blood pressure
• Blood volume
• Resistance
• Size of vessel diameter
• Blood viscosity
• Total blood vessel length

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HYPERTENSION
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• High blood pressure
• Major cause of heart failure and stroke
• Causes
• Overweight
• Excessive alcohol
• Lack of exercise
• Diet high salt, low minerals (K, Ca)
• stress

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BLOOD FLOW
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pulse

• Alternating expansion and recoil of an artery
• Wrist pulse radial artery
• Neck pulse carotid artery

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Blood pressure

• Generated by contraction of ventricles
• Pressure exerted by blood on walls of a blood
  vessel
• Highest in aorta falls as distance from left
  ventricle increases
• Bp, as a vital sign, measures pressure in
  aorta/large arteries

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Blood pressure

• 2 measurements systolic (heart contraction) and
  diastolic (relaxation) pressure. EX. 120/80
• Affected by cardiac output and peripheral
  resistance