Library Information Systems

1
(No Transcript)
2
What weve covered so far

• Computer history
• Internet history
• HTML and web content
• Information retrieval
• Search engines
• And now its time for...

3
Library Information Systems

• Integrated Library System (ILS)AKA Library
  Automation Systems or Integrated Online Library
  Systems (IOLS)
• OPACS (online public access catalogs)
• Online databases
• Digital Libraries
• E-book E-journals

4
Library Information Systems

• Ralph H. Parker in 1968 identifies LIS
• as not only automating existing processes
  within libraries (such as circulation,
  cataloging, and so forth) but also including
  access to materials not held by the library but
  available in electronic form
• (from Dr. Ks article)

5
Library Information Systems

• Why Automate
• On Functions Functionality
• Origins of LIS
• Management Considerations
• Trends Issues within LIS

6
Why Libraries Use Technology

• Modernization (60s 70s)
• Patron Services (80s 90s)
• Transformation (90s up to today tomorrow)
• Integration
• Interoperability

7
Modernization

• To increase efficiency of internal operations
  (internal workflow sharing cataloging data)
• To cope with increasing demands for services
• To reduce staff or prevent staff increases
• To allow more activities to be performed by
  clerical and paraprofessional staff

8
Patron Services

• To provide new forms of old services (electronic
  access using OPACs)
• To improve access to existing services (remote
  login, etc)
• Meeting end user expectations

9
Transformation

• To provide new (increasingly digital) information
  services
• Document Delivery
• Digital Libraries databases, e-books,
  e-journals, web resources
• New technologies (Wireless, RFID)

10
Functions Functionality Of LIS

• First came technical services shared cataloging
  item processingsome early ordering/acquisitions
  functionalityearly electronic catalogs with
  only limited functionality
• Next circulation control check in/out, to
  overdues, requests/reserveskept evolving
• Then OPACs
• Now adding in online DBs, Document Delivery, web,
  digital libraries

11
Costs Associated with LIS

• Cost to prepare and make purchase decision
• Final contract cost that could include
  Hardware, software, telecommunications
• Maintenance that could include Hardware,
  software, training, conversion
• Costs to prepare site for implementation (both
  hardware software)
• Ongoing costs that could include maintenance
  contract, needed expansion, upgrades, licensing
  fees, training, staffing, cost to replace

12
Origins of LIS

• 1936 R.H. ParkerPunched cards for circulation
• 1960s Use of computers to automate technical
  services (proprietary solutions with emphasis on
  SYSTEMS)
• 1965 OCLC explores standards for bibliographic
  records
• 1969 MARC record established (Bibliographic
  Information Exchange)
• 1967-70 Bibliographic utilities (OCLC, RLN, WLN)
• 1971 First turnkey system CLSI (circ. control)
  emphasis on FUNCTIONALITY PROPRIETARY SYSTEMS

13
Origins of LIS (2)

• 1974 Library automation marketplace reaches 50
  million online databases become available
• 1975 Data Research begins in St. Louis UM
  Libraries get OCLC services
• 1981 CLSI markets first OPAC (online public
  access catalog)
• 1983 UM Libraries bring up LUMINonline card
  catalog

14
Origins of LIS (3)

• 1981-1990 LIS vendors focus on snappy OPACs and
  less glamorous technical services functionalities
• 1986 CD-ROM boom in catalogs beginning of LANS
  being applied in libraries
• 1988 Z39.50 (interoperability standard)
  established beginning of OPEN SYSTEMS
• 1990s LIS peaks at 500 million Rapid
  introduction of PCsMarket segmentation by
  library typebeginning of InternetEarly
  development of Digital Libraries focus on USERS

15
Origins of LIS (4)

• mid-1990s Growth in role of Web/Internet
• LIS vendor mergers and failures
• CLSI merges into GEAC
• DRA buys INLEX and will then be bought by SIRSI
• Ameritech buys Dynic Notis
• New companies Endeavor ExLibris
• Libraries begin to purchase their second system

16
Origins of LIS (5)

• Late 1990s early 2000s rise of electronic
  resources, serials/acquisitions, digital
  libraries, wirelessproducts become more
  graphical and integrated growth of offsite
  users

17
LIS Trends

• Impact of the Web on end users
• Explosion of resources of all types desire to
  integrate all of them (moving from LPS to LIS)
• Growth of standards (MARC, DC, XML)
• Growth of portals (vendors offering one interface
  to search local and global resourcesmovement
  towards providing these products to their current
  customers AND as standalone products)
• Vendors seeking to id new needs and meet them
  SIRSI/CIPA and use of ERM and FRBR

18
Today we want our ILS to

• Deliver comprehensive automation efficiently
• Handle work that happens within a librarys walls
  
• Deliver services to users outside the library via
  the Web
• Use standards to interact with other systems
• Vendors to stay in front of curve (also our
  responsibility)

19
The marketplace

• 2002 Capture the migrating customer
• 2003 Competition heats up
• 2004 Migration down, innovation up
• 2005 Gradual evolution
• 2006 Reshuffling the deck

20
(No Transcript)
21
A Successful LIS Selection Process

• Focus on the process and people not the
  technology
• Build management support (also staff
  community)keep everyone informed
• Understand the librarys real needs
• Continually train and develop your staff and
  patrons on proper use of system

22
On Selection Management

• Keep in mind your library BUT look at other
  librariesthink about both today tomorrow in
  your library, but realize a decision to purchase
  an LIS is not necessarily a long term
  relationship (but it might be)
• Do what you can to foster a positive attitude
  about change within your organization (changing
  to this LIS will be good for the library, our
  users and staff because)

23
RFP (Request for proposal)

• Overview statement of problems needs for
  procurement
• Section of definite technical requirements
  information
• Requirements for managing implementing the
  project
• Requests for vendor qualifications and references
• Guidelines for legal and licensing requirements
• Appendices with librarys relevant information
  such as network diagrams, technical requirements,
  and project plan outlines
• Value of thorough, consistent, documented
  evaluation

24
Will You Always Need an RFP?Other Ideas

• Dual RFPs one to meet purchasing requirements
  plus second document with more practical
  questions
• Or RFI, RFQ, etc.
• Vendor demos
• Web examples many libraries now assuming basic
  functionality and using selection process to id
  best vendor (or group of vendors) to meet their
  unique and/or new needs

25
Todays vendors

• See listings at
• LibraryTechnology.org (check out automation
  history timeline)
• Libdex.com (search by vendor)

26
One VendorDRA (Data Research Assoc.)

• 1975 Data Research Associates formed for
  30,000
• Late 70s-80s turnkey systems sold
• Mid-80s OPAC added/ Migrations begin
• 1993/94 DRA acquires INLEX multiLIS (UNIX
  language support)
• 1997 DRA Web2
• 1999 Taos (client server app)gone by 2002
• 2001 Sirsi acquires DRA (Mike gets 50 million)
  2005 acquires Dynix
• 2006 Sirsi/Dynix acquired by equity investment
  group