Aim: why is the country of China shaped the way it is?

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Aim why is the country of China shaped the way
it is?
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What?

• Zhou Dynasty 1066 BCE 221 BCE
• Qin Dynasty
• Han Dynasty 206 BCE 220 CE
• Three Kingdoms
• Shui Dynasty
• Tang Dynasty
• Song Dynasty
• Yuan Dynasty (Mongol) 1279 - 1368
• Ming Dynasty
• Qing / Ching (Manchu) Dynasty 1644 1911
• Nationalist (Kuomintang) rule and civil war
• PRC 1949 - Present

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Where?
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Why?
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Questions

• 1. Describe the Han Dynastys social structure
  including the rights of women.
• 2. Describe the Han Dynastys political structure
  / organization?
• 3. Why is China shaped the way it is?

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When?

• Lasted from 202 B.C.E. to 220 A.D.
• Divided into two dynasties
• Western Han also called the Former Han lasted
  from 202 B.C.E. to 8 C.E.
• Eastern Han or the Later Han lasted from 25 A.D.
  to 220 C.E.
• Considered one dynasty because the second dynasty
  was founded by a relative of the of the first.
• Between 8 C.E. and 25 C.E. China was in chaos and
  disorder during the so called Xin Dynasty period.

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Western vs. Eastern Han Dynasty
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Belief Systems
Not in notes

• Confucianism major belief system laws based on
  Confucianism and Legalism
• Taoism many groups and organizations formed
• Buddhism introduced during Han Dynasty many
  temples were built

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Politics / Government

• Western Han Dynasty 206BCE 8CE
• Royal Dynasty, royal dictatorship, with frequent
  rebellions including the brief Xin Dynasty (8 CE
  23CE).
• Eastern Han Dynasty established by relatives of
  the Western Han Dynasty reestablish the Han
  Dynasty in 23CE.
• The Yellow Turbans (a Taoist society) finally
  staged a successful revolt and brought about an
  end to the Han Dynasty in 220CE.

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Government Bureaucracy

• Established a government meritocracy, based on
  Confucian ideals, in which
• Officials were selected through government
  examinations.
• Point was to select individuals based on their
  abilities, and not family lineage or political
  connections.
• Everyone had an equal chance.
• The examinations were based on the Confucian
  Classics.
• This set a precedent for later Dynasties to
  follow.

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(Most Famous) Emperor (s)

• Han Wudi (Liu Che) 141BCE 87BCE
• He fought and won many wars with the Xiong Nu,
  and drove them back to Mongolia.
• Established the Silk Road.
• He expanded the land area of Han by conquering
  land to the North and as far South as Vietnam.
• He reduced the power of the nobles by taking away
  their land, and have them divide their land into
  equal parts, and give each son a equal part.

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Why?
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The Silk Road and the Grand Canal
Red Silk Road Blue Grand Canal Yellow Great
Wall
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Silk Road and the Grand Canal
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???
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The Chinese Heartland think early river valley
civilization.
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Take note of the shape of the Han Dynasty.
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Questions

• 3. Why is China shaped the way it is?
• 4. Who did the Chinese trade with?
• 5. Then why was the Grand Canal built?

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The Great Wall of China

• Although started by the Zhou it was greatly
  expanded by the Han and later Dynasties. Qin
  Dynasty ???
• Why was it built? / Who was it built to keep out?

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Notice that shape again?
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Aim to what extent did the Han Empire have an
impact on the world?
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Inventions
Seismograph
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The wheelbarrow
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Glazed pottery
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Fin
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Legalism

• Generally considered to be an offshoot of
  Confucianism.

• Legalists believed that humans were basically
  evil and selfish. The best form of government,
  that is, the government that best contributed to
  the welfare of the people, would be one that
  strictly held humankind's base instincts in
  check. This government would be ruled by strict
  and harsh laws punishment would be severe and
  swift. This belief in rule by law is why this
  school is called "Legalist."

- Richard Hooker, Washington State University