Digestive System

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Digestive System

• By Rene Carmona

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Mouth

• Cavity bounded on the outside by the lips and
  inside by the oropharynx and containing in higher
  vertebrates the tongue, gums, and teeth.
• Cavity regarded source sounds and speech

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Esophagus

• The muscular membranous tube for the passage of
  food from the pharynx to the stomach the gullet

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Small Intestine

• The narrow, winding, upper part of the intestine
  where digestion is completed and nutrients are
  absorbed by the blood. It extends from the
  pylorus to the cecum and consists of the
  duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum.

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Stomach

• The stomach is a muscular, hollow, dilated part
  of the digestion system which functions as an
  important organ of the digestive tract in some
  animals, including vertebrates, echinoles,
  insects, and the molles. It is involved in the
  second phase of digestion, following mastication .

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Large Intestine

• The portion of the intestine that extends from
  the ileum to the anus, forming an arch around the
  convolutions of the small intestine and including
  the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal.

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Liver

• A large, reddish-brown, glandular vertebrate
  organ located in the upper right portion of the
  abdominal cavity that secretes bile and is active
  in the formation of certain blood proteins and in
  the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and
  proteins.

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Appendix

• A supplementary or accessory part of a bodily
  organ or structure

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Pancreas

• A long, irregularly shaped gland in vertebrates,
  lying behind the stomach, that secretes
  pancreatic juice into the duodenum and insulin,
  glucagon, and somatostatin into the bloodstream.

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Gall Bladder

• A small, pear-shaped muscular sac, located under
  the right lobe of the liver, in which bile
  secreted by the liver is stored until needed by
  the body for digestion.

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Enzymus

• any of various proteins, as pepsin, originating
  from living cells and capable of producing
  certain chemical changes in organic substances by
  catalytic action, as in digestion.

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Bile/ Bile Duct

• Any of the excretory passages in the liver that
  carry bile to the hepatic duct, which joins with
  the cystic duct to form the common bile duct
  opening into the duodenum.

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Mucus

• The viscous slippery substance that consists
  chiefly of mucin, water, cells, and inorganic
  salts and that is secreted as a protective
  lubricant coating by the cells and glands of the
  mucous membranes.

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Chemical Digestion

• The process by which food is converted into
  substances that can be absorbed and assimilated
  by the body, especially that accomplished in the
  alimentary canal by the mechanical and enzymatic
  breakdown of foods into simpler chemical
  compounds.

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Absorption

• normal assimilation by the tissues of the
  products of digestion the passsage of a gas,
  fluid, drug through the mucous membranes or skin

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Mechanic Digestion

• Mechanical digestion is when your body physically
  breaks down the food you eat into smaller pieces.
  When you chew your food you are mechanically
  digesting your food. When your food is digested
  and broken down in your stomach it is considered
  chemical digestion.

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Salivary Amylase

• Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the
  hydrolysis of starch to sugar to produce
  carbohydrate derivatives.

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Villi

• Villi, the singular of which is villus, are
  finger-like projections in the small intestine
  that help absorb food more efficiently in the
  body. The small intestine is an organ in the body
  in which most digestion occurs. Food entering
  into the body is liquefied and partially digested
  in the stomach. It then passes into the small
  intestine. The villi are the parts that absorb
  nutrients from food and pass them into the
  bloodstream.

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Gastric Juices

• The colorless, watery, acidic digestive fluid
  that is secreted by various glands in the mucous
  membrane of the stomach and consists chiefly of
  hydrochloric acid, pepsin, rennin, and mucin

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Duodenum

• the first part of the small intestine, between
  the stomach and the jejunum

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Chyme

• The thick semifluid mass of partly digested food
  that is passed from the stomach to the duodenum

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Bibliography

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