Self-management Education

1
Self-management Education
Persona Hypothesis

• Shruti Bajaj
• Ann Hsieh
• Hane Kim

2
Who would use this product?

• Patients with chronic diseases
• Newly-diagnosed
• Patients who arent self-managing their care
• Health professionals
• Caregivers

3
What are the users needs and motivations?

• To gain confidence to bring them to the point of
  self-efficacy
• The use of EIMT is making it possible for
  patients to build new practices and routines
  (e.g., monitoring daily symptoms) around their
  illness, in a sense changing their perception of
  control in managing it. (Jeremy, 2003)
• A central concept in self-management is
  self-efficacy confidence to carry out a
  behavior necessary to reach a desired goal.
  (Bodenheimer, 2002)

4
What are their needs and motivations in using
this product?

• To learn self-management skills, such as
  problem-solving and goal setting
• Self-efficacy is enhanced when patients succeed
  in solving patient-identified problems.
  (Bodenheimer, 2002)

5
What are their needs and motivations in using
this product?

• To minimize physician dependency
• This partnership paradigm credits patients with
  an expertise similar in importance to the
  expertise of professionals. This paradigm implies
  that while professionals are experts about
  diseases, patients are experts about their own
  lives. (Bodenheimer, 2002)

6
How radically different might the needs and
behaviors be across different kinds of users?

• The needs can be very different since
  self-management education is very dependent on
  the lifestyle of the patient. No one plan will
  work for all people!

7
Where will the product be used? 

• Home / Workplace
• Doctors office
• Community settings such as senior centers,
  churches, libraries and hospitals

8
How might the physical environment influence how
the product will be used?

• In common, the product is expected to be used
  personally to find resources and track their
  treatment and progress, but depending on where to
  be used, it will be
• Home Can be referred by family
• Workplace Not intrusive to the work
• Doctors office To be shared with doctor about
  patients progress
• Community Setting - To be shared with and
  referred by caregivers

9
Who else besides the end-user has a stake in the
success of the product?

• Factory/designer of the product or programmer
• Health professionals
• Caregivers
• Families

10
Experience Interview with ex-Diabetes patient,
Mr. Kim

• Empowerment First!
• Need to be empowered to get over disease by being
  master over the disease
• Expert information is not needed to master the
  disease

11
Experience Interview with ex-Diabetes patient,
Mr. Kim

• Execution is Essential!
• Make a strategy and build it into daily life as a
  new practice and daily routine
• Motivation to execute the plan was from
  confidence of the treatment, not from frequent
  monitoring
• Did not need much external support except a
  pedometer and a couple of books internal
  motivation is more important

12
Research Articles

• Jeremy J. Nobel, M.D., M.P.H., and Gordon K.
  Norman, M.D., M.B.A, Emerging Information
  Management Technologies and the Future of Disease
  Management, 2004
• E.D. Lehmann, Application of computers in
  clinical diabetes care, 1997
• T. Bodenheimer, K. Lorig, H. Holman, K. Grumbah.
  Patient Self-Management of Chronic Disease in
  Primary Care, 2002