Random Fact of the Day:

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Random Fact of the Day

• At -90 degrees Fahrenheit, your breath will
  freeze in midair and fall to the ground.

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Chapter 2, Section 2The English Colonies
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Main Idea The English established thirteen
colonies along the East Coast of North America.
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Map of North America (1700)
Several European nations had claims in North
America.
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Map of North America (1763)
Eventually- England dominated the continent.
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• I. Settling the Colonies (39-40)
• A. The English had the largest influence on
  the North American colonies.
• 1. Colonies were founded in a variety of
  ways and for a variety of reasons.
• 2. One thing in common
• English Heritage
• B. New England Colonies
• 1. 1620- Pilgrims founded Plymouth
• 2. 1630- 900 settlers landed at Massachusetts
  Bay and built a town called Boston.
• 3. By mid-1600s Rhode Island, Connecticut, and
  New Hampshire founded.

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• C. Middle Colonies
• 1. New York
• a. originally New Netherland (Dutch)
• English fleet seized the harbor New Amsterdam
  (1664)
• King Charles II gave colony to his brother
  (Duke of York)
• b. New York was economical success and
  became a
• proprietary colony (owner, or
  proprietor owned
  land and controlled the government).
• Duke of York gave 2 men the southern
  part of the colony
• that became NJ
• 2. New Jersey was a proprietary colony that
  eventually turned into a royal colony (1702).
• a. Royal Colony- Owned and ruled directly
  by the king of England.

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• 3. Pennsylvania founded 1680 by William Penn
• a. another proprietary colony
• b. place to implement Quaker ideals of
• Peace, Equality, and Justice
• c. offered religious freedom
• d. many were drawn to new city of Philadelphia
• 4. Southernmost 3 counties separated from Penn.
• and became known as Delaware (1704)

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• Southern Colonies
• 1. Jamestown founded 1607 (Virginia)
• 2. Maryland founded 1734
• 3. Proprietors started Carolina and the two
  parts developed differently.
• Officially became 2 royal colonies in 1729
• North Carolina and South Carolina

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• 4. Georgia- the last English colony founded.
  
• a. Created for debtors and poor people to make a
  fresh start
• b. Georgia was also used as a military barrier
  to protect British colonies from attack from the
  Spanish.

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• II. People of the Colonies (41-43)
• A. People settled in the colonies for a
  variety of reasons.
• 1. Religious freedom
• 2. Economic gain
• 3. Some did not come willinglycriminals,
  prisoners, and African American Slaves.

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• B. Why did the colonists immigrate???
• 1. Religious Dissenters- those who followed a
  faith other than that of the Church of England
  (Anglican).
• Many in New England and Middle Colonies
• a. Puritans- Founders of Mass.
• wanted to reform, or purify, Anglican
  Church
• b. Pilgrims- Another name for Puritans, these
  people considered themselves to be on a
  religious journey.

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• C. Toleration- Rulers of Mass. did not believe
  in acceptance of other religions.
• D. Salem Witch Trials
• 1. Puritans in Salem, Mass held witch trials for
  those accused of witchcraft.
• 2. 19 residents of Salem were convicted and
  hanged.
• 3. 5 others died in prison before they were set
  for execution.

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• E. Quakers- mainly settled in PA as they saw it
  as a safe place to freely practice religion.
• F. George Calvert founded Maryland as a safe
  home for Catholics
• G. founded 1644-Rhode Island became the first
  place to welcome people of all faiths
• 2. Many colonists came for economic reasons
• 1. Carolina was a thriving economic area (rice
  indigo)
• 2. Indentured Servants- system that made it
  possible for poor people to come to the colonies.
• 3. Land
• Colonists fought over land with Native
  Americans.

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• III. Beginnings of Slavery
• A. In the South- large estates (Plantations)
  for developing agriculture were started.
• 1. Grew rice, tobacco, indigo
• 2. System is very labor intensive more
  workers
• were needed than could be supplied
  by
• immigration and indentured servants
• 3. Africans were viewed as a solution.
• 4. Slaves would never be free and are not
  protected by the law liked indentured servants
• 5. The Triangular Trade develops.
• Pattern of trade that developed between the
  Americas, Africa, and Europe.

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• Middle Passage
• (Africans horrendous journey across the Atlantic)

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