ENGLISH SETTLEMENT OF AMERICA

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• ENGLISH SETTLEMENT OF AMERICA

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The English in Virginia

• The Main Idea
• After several failures, the English established a
  permanent settlement at Jamestown, Virginia.
• Reading Focus
• Why were the first English colonies established?
• What helped the Jamestown colony survive?
• How did Virginia grow and change during the 1600s?

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Roanoke The Lost Colony

• 1587 Sir Walter Raleigh settled area off North
  Carolina
• 100 settlers, mostly families
• He went back to England for supplies
• War kept him away for 3 years
• When he returned, colony had vanished
• Only clue was Croatan carved on a post.
• What happened to them??

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The First English Colonies

• Reasons English settlers came to America
• Economic reasons to make money
• Farmers struggling
• Land was scarce in England
• Young men looking for adventure
• charter permission to settle an area
• Joint-stock companies were to govern and
  maintain colonies, profits from went back to
  investors and king

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The Jamestown Colony

• The First Settlers - 1607
• Three ships and over 100 men went to Virginia,
• 100 survived the crossing, landing in
  Jamestown
• Problems natives (Powhatan), unsafe water
  malaria, dysentery, people weak, lazy, looked for
  treasure, not food
• Only 38 were alive when more English colonists
  arrived

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The Jamestown Colony

• Captain John Smith helped trade for food with the
  natives, built houses, explored,
• Captured by natives, chiefs daughter,
  Pocahontas, saved him, helped keep peace
• Smith became leader in 1608
• Stole food from the Indians
• If a man wanted to eat, he had to work
• starving time winter 1609, natives angry,
  killed livestock and prevented them from hunting.

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• Headrights - 50-acre land grants to people who
  paid for voyage to colony
• Skilled artisans brought in to help the economy
• Indentured servants would work for a certain
  number of years, then freed

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The Jamestown Colony

• John Rolfe grew tobacco (brown gold), made
  colony profitable.
• Rolfe married Pocahontas, securing peace between
  colonists and natives
• 1622, after Pocahontas Powhatan died, conflicts
  arose.
• Natives killed many settlers including Rolfe.

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1619 Big Changes at Jamestown

• 100 women arrived to marry colonists and help
  colony
• first African slaves arrived on a Dutch ship
• Americas first legislature, the House of
  Burgesses
• Members were white male landowners.
• Had power to raise taxes and make laws.

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Bacons Rebellion

• Former indentured servants on frontier clashed
  with natives, Gov. Berkeley wouldnt help b/c
  they couldnt vote
• 1676 Nathaniel Bacon formed an army, Berkeley
  declares army unconstitutional
• Bacons army upset about taxation without
  representation, set fire to town
• Berkeley returns to England, revoked charter
  made VA a royal colony
• Rebellion draws attention to growing power of
  former indentured servants

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• Pocahontas Questions
• What is the true story about Pocahontas and
  Smith?
• Why was she captured and how did her life change?
• Who did she marry and why?
• What was her fate?
• If she were to write a story about her life, how
  would she summarize her role?

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Jamestown Video Clip

• http//www.history.com/topics/jamestown
• http//www.history.com/topics/jamestown/videos/the
  -value-of-tobacco

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Jamestown Game

• http//www.historyglobe.com/jamestown/