Industrialization and Nationalism

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Industrialization and Nationalism

• Unit VI Study Guide

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Part A Multiple Choice
3
In a capitalist system, the means of production
is

• A) publicly owned.
• B) privately owned.
• C) owned by labor unions.
• D) owned by workers.

• B) privately owned.

4
At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution,
Great Britain had land, capital, and labor
conditions called the

• A) domestic system.
• B) factory system.
• C) factors of production.
• D) business cycle.

• C) factors of production.

5
According to people who are in favor of the idea
of laissez-faire, government should

• A) stay out of business.
• B) regulate business.
• C) hire the unemployed.
• D) not be an employer.

• A) stay out of business.

6
Which did NOT help determine workers wages under
the factory system?

• A) other costs of production.
• B) whether workers owned their own tools.
• C) the number of workers available.
• D) wages for other kinds of work.

• B) whether workers owned their own tools.

7
Alternating periods of prosperity and economic
decline are known as the

• A) supply and demand.
• B) natural law of economics.
• C) free enterprise system.
• D) business cycle.

• D) business cycle.

8
Who patented the modern steam engine?

• A) James Watt
• B) Andrew Carnegie
• C) John Stuart Mill
• D) Henry Bessemer

• A) James Watt

9
The Wright brothers airplane flew successfully
because they

• A) used gasoline as a fuel.
• B) used a dynamo.
• C) combined science and technology.
• D) combined quantum theory with relativity.

• C) combined science and technology.

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Which social science compares different societies?

• A) sociology
• B) political science
• C) archaeology
• D) anthropology

• D) anthropology

11
The MOST important cause of the growth of cities
was

• A) the development of suburbs.
• B) the growth of the factory system.
• C) improvements in law enforcement.
• D) laws requiring education for all children.

• B) the growth of the factory system.

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Which was NOT an advance in biology in the 1800s?

• A) the role of cells in cloning
• B) the role of cells in disease
• C) the discovery that all living things are made
  up of cells
• D) the knowledge that all cells divide and
  multiply

• A) the role of cells in cloning.

13
Which was NOT a goal of public education in the
1800s?

• A) educated soldiers
• B) patriotic citizens
• C) workers who could appreciate culture
• D) workers who could read and write

• C) workers who could appreciate culture

14
Peoples diets were improved by new knowledge
about pasteurization, refrigeration, and the use
of

• A) the five food groups.
• B) low-calorie foods.
• C) vitamins and minerals.
• D) low-fat foods.

• C) vitamins and minerals.

15
The goal of some reforms enacted by British
liberals was to

• A) protect slave traders.
• B) abolish the monarchy.
• C) reduce suffrage.
• D) extend suffrage.

• D) extend suffrage.

16
Targeting both military and civilian resources in
war is known as

• A) modern war.
• B) civil war.
• C) guerrilla war.
• D) total war.

• D) total war.

17
The event that started the French revolution of
1848 was

• A) a decree restricting free speech.
• B) widespread support for a republican
  government.
• C) the abdication of Louis Philippe.
• D) support for a descendant of Charles X.

• A) a decree restricting free speech.

18
Alfred Dreyfus was

• A) guilty of bribery.
• B) guilty of adultery.
• C) falsely accused of spying for Germany.
• D) falsely accused of covering up a scandal.

• C) falsely accused of spying for Germany.

19
Disputes among which nations led to the Crimean
War?

• A) Palestine, Great Britain, and Russia.
• B) Russian, Great Britain, and Germany.
• C) Russia, the Ottoman Empire, and France.
• D) France, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire.

• C) Russia, the Ottoman Empire, and France.

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When Spain tried to regain its Latin American
colonies, the United States responded with

• A) the Northwest Ordinance.
• B) a declaration of war.
• C) an offer to help.
• D) the Monroe Doctrine.

• D) the Monroe Doctrine.

21
The Prussian king who became emperor of the
German Empire was

• A) William I.
• B) William II.
• C) Francis I.
• D) Francis II.

• A) William I.

22
The emancipation of the serfs

• A) kept them in farming.
• B) led to economic security.
• C) did not solve all problems.
• D) increased factory wages.

• C) did not solve all problems.

23
The fact that Germanys industrialization came
later than that of Britain and France

• A) was a result of a lack of natural resources.
• B) was a result of government disinterest.
• C) let the Germans use the best methods and
  machinery available.
• D) kept Germany from becoming a great industrial
  power.

• C) let the Germans use the best methods and
  machinery available.

24
One problem Italy faced after unification was

• A) Austrias refusal to give up Venice.
• B) Sicilys refusal to become part of the new
  nation.
• C) lack of a leader accepted by the people of all
  states.
• D) tension between the north and the south.

• D) tension between the north and the south.

25
Terrorism was used by the

• A) Peoples Will group.
• B) Populists.
• C) czar.
• D) serfs.

• A) Peoples Will group.

26
The Social Democratic Party

• A) had many members elected to the Reichstag.
• B) never achieved much representation.
• C) supported private ownership of industry.
• D) supported the actions of the cartels.

• B) never achieved much representation.

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The phrase the White Mans Burden refers to

• A) the idea that white people stayed in the sun
  too long.
• B) the idea that non-Western people needed help
  from Westerners.
• C) the amount of luggage that the Europeans
  brought with them.
• D) the amount of raw materials that the Europeans
  sent back.

• B) the idea that non-Western people needed help
  from Westerners.

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The Fashoda crisis was a dispute between

• A) France and the Ottoman Empire over Tunis.
• B) Belgium and France over the Congo.
• C) the Netherlands and Britain over South Africa.
• D) Britain and France over the Sudan.

• D) Britain and France over the Sudan.

29
Egypt came under British rule in part because of
the

• A) Suez Canal.
• B) Strait of Gibraltar.
• C) pyramids.
• D) diamond trade.

• A) Suez Canal.

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Which West African state remained independent?

• A) Ghana.
• B) Liberia.
• C) Senegal.
• D) French West Africa.

• B) Liberia.

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Cecil Rhodes controlled

• A) the Suez Canal.
• B) game hunting in Kenya.
• C) trade in ivory, rubber, and palm oil.
• D) South African diamond production.

• D) South African diamond production.

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The British government took control of India when

• A) the Suez Canal was built.
• B) Hindus and Muslims began fighting.
• C) soldiers rebelled against the British East
  India Company.
• D) European princes asked the British to keep
  order.

• C) soldiers rebelled against the British East
  India Company.

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Part B Fill in the Blank
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Chapter 22

• Name four characteristics of the working
  conditions in factories.

• Factories were cold and damp in winter, and
  steamy in summer
• Sanitary facilities were poor
• Machines had no safety devices and accidents
  occurred frequently
• No compensation for injured workers
• Workers spent 14 hour days, six days a week on
  the job.

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Chapter 22

• Name three characteristics of the assembly line.

• The system of producing large numbers of
  identical items is known as mass production
• Manufacturers devised the assembly line by which
  parts were carried from worker to worker
• Saved time, energy, and increased production.

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Chapter 22

• Name four results of the early reform laws during
  the Industrial Revolution.

• Factory Act of 1802 shortened hours in the cotton
  mills
• Factory Act of 1833 extended the law to all
  textile mills
• Children under 9 could not work
• Children 9-13 could work 8 hours for 6 days a
  week
• Older children could work for 12 hours a day
• 1847 the Ten Hours Act came into force.

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Chapter 23

• Name three characteristics of the development of
  electricity.

• Industrialization encouraged new sources of
  power
• Electricity was developed in 1870s
• Faraday invented the first electric generator
• Moving a magnet through a coil wire created an
  electric current.

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Chapter 23

• Name three characteristics of sociology.

• Is the study of human relationships in society
• Auguste Comte was the founder of sociology
• Argued that society, like nature, operated by
  certain laws
• Believed sociologists should also follow
  scientific methods.

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Chapter 23

• Name three characteristics in the rise of
  Romanticism.

• Literature, music, and art reflected the social
  and economic change of the Industrial Age
• Works were interested in showing how life should
  be rather than how it was
• Reaction against Age of Reason
• Known as Romanticism.

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Chapter 24

• Name four characteristics of voting restrictions
  in Britain before the reforms.

• Before the reforms, voters in Britain had many
  restrictions
• Only property owners could vote
• Voted in the open for all to see
• Voters could be bribed or intimidated
• Catholics, Jews, non-Anglicans couldnt vote.

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Chapter 24

• Name four characteristics of continued expansion
  in the United States.

• In 1803 bought Louisiana purchase from Napoleon
  and doubled size of U.S.
• Purchased Florida from Spain in 1819
• Texan annexation in 1845
• War with Mexico created the Mexican Cession
• Treaty of 1846 gave Oregon Territory
• 1853 Gadsden Purchase.

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Chapter 24

• Name four characteristics of the Revolution of
  1848 in France.

• France erupted in 1848 after Louis Philippe
  restricted free speech
• Rioters took to the streets
• National Guard troops were sent in but they
  joined the rioters
• Louis Philippe gave up throne and left for
  England
• Second French Republic was proclaimed
• Many reforms took place in France.

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Chapter 25

• Name three characteristics that led to the
  Franco-Prussian War.

• Bismarck wanted southern states to join his
  confederation
• Edited a telegram which insulted the French
• French declared war in July 1870
• Southern states united with Prussia and war ended
  in September.

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Chapter 25

• Name three characteristics that led to the
  resignation of Bismarck.

• William II became emperor in 1888
• Held strongly conservative opinions
• Felt Bismarck had too much power
• Bismarck resigned in 1890 out of frustration with
  William and the Socialists.

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Chapter 25

• Name three characteristics of Alexander II and
  the freedom of all serfs.

• Became czar in 1855
• Paid attention to public opinion
• Realized his countrys backwardness
• Emancipation Edict freed all serfs
• Factory owners would benefit from freed serfs.

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Chapter 26

• Name four economic motives for imperialism.

• Industrialization spurred imperialism
• After 1850 technology grew rapidly
• Industrialized nations needed a lot of raw
  materials to make products
• Did not want to rely on foreign nations
• Mass production meant new markets were needed
• Rapid population growth accompanied industrialism.

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Chapter 26

• Name three characteristics that led to the
  Fashoda crisis.

• Sudan was Egyptian colony
• Both Britain and France wanted the colony
• In 1881 Sudan had a revolution against Egyptian
  rule
• British troops decided to invade Sudan in 1898
• Wanted to stop the revolution before the French
  decided to take the land.

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Chapter 26

• Name three characteristics that led to the
  competition for West Africa

• Area was center for slave trade
• Europeans had slave trading posts along the
  coast
• After the slave trade, the posts were used for
  other trade goods
• Europeans wanted to go inland to control the
  sources they traded
• Liberia was only independent state in the West.

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Part C Essay Questions
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Essay Question

• Summarize the ways industrialization changed
  British society. Discuss changes in agriculture,
  manufacturing, work, and the organization of
  business.

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Essay Question

• Compare and contrast the elements of capitalism
  and socialism.

52
Essay Question

• Do you think that the scientific and
  technological advances of the 1800s improved
  peoples lives? Explain and support your answer
  with information about the changes in
  electricity, communications, transportation, and
  medicine.

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Essay Question

• How would life in the industrial age have been
  different without the intellectual developments
  in such areas as the social sciences and public
  education?

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Essay Question

• Describe the factors that led to the U.S. Civil
  War.

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Essay Question

• Compare and contrast the ways Great Britain and
  Spain treated their colonies and the other
  countries they ruled.

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Essay Question

• Describe the ways Otto von Bismarck maintained
  his power when faced with opposition.

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Essay Question

• Explain why attempts to liberalize the Russian
  government failed.

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Essay Question

• How did imperialism benefit the European nations?
  Were there benefits for the colonized regions?
  Provide evidence supporting both sides of the
  question.