.NET Framework - Overview

1
(No Transcript)
2
Microsoft .NET Framework
?????? ?????
??????? ?????
http//www.nakov.com
?????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????
????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?
????????? ??????????
???????? ?????????????. ??????? ????????
3
??????? ?? Microsoft ?? .NET

• ???????????
• ?? ????? ??????????
• ?????????
• ?? ????? ?????

XML Web ???????????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?
????????????
Authentication
Scheduling
Notification
Back Office??????????? ?????????????? ?? ???????
Sales
Customer Service
ERP Billing
4
.NET Framework

• ????? ?? ???????????? ?? .NET
• ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? .NET ??? ? ???????????
  ?????
• ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????????? ??
  ??????? ?????????? ? Web ??????
• ????????? API ? ?????? framework, ????????? ??
  ??????? ?? ????????????
• ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? (Windows,
  Linux, FreeBSD, )

5
??????? ?? .NET Framework FCL CLR

• Common Language Runtime
• ?????????? ?? ??????? (garbage collection)
• ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????
• ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????????? (?.
  ???. assemblies) ???? ???? ?????????
• ??????????? ?????????
• Framework Class Library
• ?????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??
  ??????????
• ASP.NET, Web Services, ADO.NET, Windows Forms,
  IO, XML, ...

6
.NET Framework Common Language Runtime

• CLR ????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????
• ????????? ???????, ???????????????, ...
• Code-based security
• Role-based security

Common Language Runtime
Operating System
7
.NET Framework Base Class Library

• ?????? ???????-??????????? ?????????? ??
  ?????????????? ??????
• ????????, ????-?????, ?????? ??? ???????? ??????,
  

.NET Framework (Base Class Library)
Common Language Runtime
Operating System
8
.NET Framework Data Access Layer

• ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????
• Disconnected ????? ?? ???????
• ?????? ? XML

ADO .NET and XML
.NET Framework (Base Class Library)
Common Language Runtime
Operating System
9
.NET Framework ASP.NET Windows Forms

• ????????????? ????????? ?? ????????????
  Web-???????, Windows GUI, Web ??????,

ASP .NET Web Forms Web Services Mobile Internet
Toolkit
Windows Forms
ADO .NET and XML
.NET Framework (Base Class Library)
Common Language Runtime
Operating System
10
.NET Framework Programming Languages

• ?????????? ??????? ?? ????!

C
C
VB.NET
Perl
J

Common Language Runtime
Operating System
11
.NET Framework Common Language Specification
Common Language Specification
Common Language Runtime
Operating System
12
.NET Framework Visual Studio .NET
C
C
VB.NET
Perl
J

Visual Studio .NET
Common Language Specification
Common Language Runtime
Operating System
13
????????? ?? ????? ?????

• IL (MSIL or CIL) Intermediate Language
• ???? ?? ????? ???? (??????? ????), ???? ????????,
  ?? ???????-??????????
• CTS ??????? ?? ??????, ???????? ? CLR
• ???????????? ?????? (int, float, string, )
• ? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????
• ??? ???? Value types ? Reference types
• CLS ????????? ?? ????????????, ????? ?????? ??
  ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ??????????
• ???? ?? ????????? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
  ????? ?????????? ?????

14
???????? ???????? ?? MSIL

• .method private hidebysig static void Main() cil
  managed
• .entrypoint
• // Code size 11 (0xb)
• .maxstack 8
• IL_0000 ldstr "Hello, world!"
• IL_0005 call void mscorlibSystem.Conso
  leWriteLine(string)
• IL_000a ret
• // end of method HelloWorldMain

15
.NET ???????

• ?????, ???????????? ?? Microsoft
• C, C, J, VB.NET, JScript
• ????? ?? ????? ??????????
• Perl, Python, Pascal, APL, COBOL, Eiffel,
  Haskell, ML, Oberon, Scheme, Smalltalk
• ???????? ?? ???????????? ?????
• ???????????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ? ??????????
  ?? ??????????
• ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????
• ???????????? ? ????????, ? ?? ????????
• ???? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ????? API ??
  ?????

16
?????? C

• ??????? ????? C, Java ? Delphi
• ???????????-??????????o ????????????
• ????????, ??????, ???????
• ????????, XML-???????? ????????????
• ?????? ?????, ??? header ???????, IDL ? ?.?.
• ???? ?? ?? ?????? ? Web-??????????
• ?????? ? ?????!
• ???????????? ?????? ?? ??????, ????. 5.ToString()
  ? ??????? ?????????
• ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????
• ????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ?? ?????????????

17
?????? C ??????

• using System
• class HelloWorld
• public static void main()
• Console.WriteLine(Hello, world!)

18
?????????? ? ??????????
??????????
?????? ?? assembly (.EXE ??? .DLL ????)
- ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???
??????????
- ????????????? ??? ???????????
19
VS.NET ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??????
??????

• ?? Visual Studio.NET ??????
• ?? ?????? ???
• ?? ???????? ????????????? ?????????
• ?? ??????????? ??????????????
• ?? ??????????? ? ????????
• ?? ?????????
• ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
• ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????
• ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????

20
Visual Studio .NET
21
.NET Framework Library
ADO.NET ? XML
Base Class Library
22
.NET Framework ??????
23
???????? ?? Base Class Library
System
Security
Collections
ServiceProcess
Configuration
Text
Diagnostics
Threading
Globalization
IO
Runtime
InteropServices
Net
Remoting
Reflection
Serialization
Resources
24
Base Class Library

• ?????? ?????, ????????????, ???????????
• ???????? ArrayList, Hashtable, ...
• ??????????????????? ???????, ?????????
• I/O ??????? ? ???????? ??????, ???????, ...
• ??????? ???????????? TCP/IP, HTTP, ...
• Reflection ????????? ? ????????? ?? MSIL
• ????????? ????????????, ????? ?? ??????
• ????? ?????????, ????????? ??????, ...
• Remoting ? Serialization ?????????? ?????????
• ?????????????? ? ?????????????

25
???????? Data ? XML
26
ADO.NET ? XML

• ADO.NET ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????
• XML (??????????), ??????????, ...
• ????? ???????? ? ??????? (DataSet)
• DataSet ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????,
  ???????, ???????, constraints, ...
• ???, stateless, disconnected ?????
• ???????? ???????? ?????????? ? XML ??????
• ??????????????? ???????-?????????? ?????? ??
  ???????
• ???????? ????????? ?? XML
• W3C DOM, XSL/T, XPath ? XSchema

27
VS.NET DataSet ????????
28
???????? ?? Windows Forms
System.Windows.Forms
Design
ComponentModel
System.Drawing
Drawing2D
Printing
Imaging
Text
29
Windows Forms

• Windows Forms ? framework ?? ????????? ??
  ?????????? ? ??????????-??????? ????????
  ????????????? ?????????
• RAD (Rapid Application Development)
• Component-based
• Event-driven
• ????? ????? ?? ????????
• Data-aware ??????????
• ????????? ?? ????????
• ???????? ????????? ?? Unicode
• ????????? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ?????????

30
VS.NET Windows Forms ????????
31
Demo 1

• ????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????
  ?? ????? ????
• Windows Forms
• ADO.NET
• MS SQL Server
• Visual Studio .NET

32
Demo 1 ???????????
Database Microsoft SQL Server
SqlConnection
SqlDataAdapter
Update
Fill
33
???????? ?? ASP.NET
System.Web
Services
UI
HtmlControls
Description
WebControls
Discovery
Protocols
Caching
Security
Configuration
SessionState
34
ASP.NET

• Framework ?? ????????? ?? Web-???????? ??????????
  ? Web-?????? ?? ????? .NET ????
• C, C, VB.NET, JScript, ...
• ???????? ?? ???????? ???????
• DHTML, HTML 3.2, WML, ??????? ??????????
• ASP.NET Web-???????????? ?? ?????????? ??
  assemblies
• ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ? ???? ???? ??
  ?????????? ?? ???? ???????
• ??? ????????? ?? ???? ?? Web-???????
• ????????????? ? ??????????? ????? ?? ???????
  ??????????

35
ASP.NET

• ????? ????? ?? ASP.NET server ????????
• ????????? ?? ???????
• Data-bound grids
• Event-driven ????? ?? ??????????
• ??????? ????????? ?? Web-??????
• ????? ?????????? (deployment)
• ?????? ??????????
• ?????? ???????????????? ? ????????????
• ?????????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ??
  ??????????? (session state management)

36
VS.NET Web Forms ????????
37
ASP.NET WebMatrix
38
Demo 2

• ????????? ?? ?????? Web-???????? ?????????? ??
  ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????
• ASP.NET (Web Forms)
• ADO.NET
• MS SQL Server
• MS Internet Information Server
• Visual Studio .NET

39
Demo 2 ???????????
Database Microsoft SQL Server
SqlConnection
SqlDataAdapter
Update
Fill
40
Web-??????

• Web-???????? ?? ????????? ??????????, ????????
  ?????????? ???? Web
• ????????? ??????????? HTTP, XML ? SOAP
• ???? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? WSDL
• ???????? ?? ? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
  ?????????
• ??????? ?? ?????????? ? ??????-??????? ???????
  ?? ???????????-????????????? ????????????, ??
  ?????? ???? Web
• ASP.NET ????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??
  Web-??????
• ????? .ASMX ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????
  ? ???
• ASP.NET ?? ????????? ??? ?????????, ???????? ??
  WSDL ? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????

41
Web Service ?????? ?? C
ParcelTracker.asmx
lt_at_ WebService Language"C" gt using
System using System.Web.Services public class
ParcelTrackerWebService WebMethod public
string GetOrderStatus(int orderNumber)
// Implementation here // return
some_result
42
Demo 3

• ????????? ?? ?????? Web-?????? ????
• ASP.NET (Web Services)
• MS Internet Information Server
• Visual Studio .NET

43
Shared Source CLI (Rotor)

• ????????????? ????????????? ?? CLI, ???????? ???
  ??? ?? ????-???. ???????
• ????? ?? ?????????? ?? MSIL ??? (managed
  execution environment) ? JIT-??????????
• ?????????? ?? ??????? C ? JScript
• ??????????? ?? ?????????? ilasm, ildasm,
  cordbg, metainfo,
• ??????????? ?????? ?? C ? C
• ????????? ?? MS Visual Studio .NET
• ???????? ?? ?????? ???????????, ????????????? ?
  ?????? ???????
• ?????? ??? FreeBSD, Windows ? Mac OS

44
.NET Framework ???????

• Web-???????
• ????????? ???? ?? .NET Framework
  http//msdn.microsoft.com/netframework/
• Microsoft .NET Framework Community
  http//www.gotdotnet.com/
• ASP.NET http//www.asp.net/
• .NET Windows Forms http//www.windowsforms.net/
• OReilly .NET Community Site http//www.ondotnet
  .com/
• Microsoft Patterns and Practices
  http//msdn.microsoft.com/practices/
• Code Project http//www.codeproject.net/

45
.NET Framework Resources

• Web-???????
• Mono Open Source .NET Framework
  http//www.go-mono.org/
• Rotor MS Shared Source .NET CLI
  http//msdn.microsoft.com/net/sscli/
• ???? ?? .NET Framework ? ???????? ???????????
  http//www.nakov.com/dotnet/
• ????????
• ?????????? ?? .NET Framework news//msnews.micro
  soft.com/microsoft.public.dotnet.framework
• ??????????? ???????? ?? Microsoft
  news//msnews.microsoft.com/microsoft.public.bg.d
  eveloper

46

• ????????

47
????? ??????? ??? ???

• ????? ?? ?? ???????????? .NET Framework
  ??????????, ????? ?? ?? ?????????? ????? ???????
  ?????????? (??????? ????????, PDA, handheld, )?
• ???????
• Microsoft .NET Compact Framework
• ??? ? ?????????? ???? ?? Microsoft Visual Studio
  .NET 2003

48
????? ??????? ??? ???

• ??? ????? ?? ?????????????? ????????????? .NET
  assemblies ?? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??
  ?????????? ?????????? ?? ?????
• ???????
• ???? ??????????? ngen.exe
• ?? ? ?????????? ???? ?? .NET Framework

49
????? ??????? ??? ???

• MSIL ? ???????????? ????? ?? ?????????????. ???
  ????? ?? ??????? ????? .NET ??? ??
  reverse-engineering ??????
• ???????
• ???? ?????????? ?? obfuscator ?? .NET, ????????
  Dotfuscator
• DotFuscator ?? ?????????????? ?????????? ? Visual
  Studio .NET

50
????? ??????? ??? ???

• ? ???? DataSet ????????? ?? ADO.NET ???? ?? ???
  ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??
  ?????????. ??? ?? ????????
• ???????
• ???????, View-??, ??????? ? constraints (unique ?
  foreign key)