Symbiosis

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Symbiosis
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Our goal for today is to answer these questions

• What is symbiosis?
• What are the different kinds of symbiosis?
• What are some examples of symbiosis?

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What is symbiosis?
the act of living together
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Symbiosis

• What it means
• Two organisms that live together
• Temporarily or for a longer time
• At least one of the organisms benefits from
  the relationship

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What are the different kinds of symbiosis?

• Parasitism

Commensalism
Mutualism
both organisms benefit
one organism benefits
one organism benefits
one organism is harmed
one organism is unaffected
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Mutualism
Organism One Organism Two
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Commensalism
Organism One Organism Two
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Parasitism
Organism One Organism Two
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On your whiteboard C commensalism M
mutualism P Parasitism Do not lift your
whiteboards until I ask you to do so.
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Acacia Plant Ants
The ants lay eggs on acacia tree so they get a
nice safe place for their eggs. The acacia covers
the infected area with brown flesh (called a
gall.) The plant has to use valuable resources to
create the gall.
parasitism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Anemone Anemone Fish
This fish lives its entire adult life among the
tentacles of a bulb- tentacle sea anemone.
Anemone fish do not get stung by the anemone as
would most other fish so they get protection from
predators. The fish often drop food scraps which
the anemones can eat.
mutualism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Moray Eel Cleaner Fish
This moray eel has a small fish cleaning between
its teeth. The eel gets a clean mouth while the
cleaner fish gets a nice meal.
mutualism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Boxer Crab Anemones
This Boxer Crab carries a pair of stinging
anemones in its claws, which it uses to defend
itself from predators. The anemones get to move
around which increases their food supply.
mutualism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Shark Remora
The remora attaches itself to the shark and saves
energy since it doesnt have to swim, and it gets
to snack on the sharks kills. The shark doesnt
get anything.
commensalism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Emperor Shrimp Sea Cucumber
This tiny emperor shrimp is riding along on the
back of a sea cucumber (a long worm-like starfish
relative) while it crawls along a sandy bottom.
The shrimp gets to travel around under the
protection of its much larger partner, and the
sea cucumber doesn't seem to mind.
commensalism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Cattle Cattle Egrets
As these cattle walk around eating grass they
stir up lots of insects. The egrets hang around
and get a yummy meal of insects.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
commensalism
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Clown Fish Anemone
This clown fish swims in the anemone and gets
protection, since its predators will get stung.
The anemone is unaffected.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
commensalism
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Antelope Ox Bird
This ox bird hangs out on the antelope and gets a
delicious meal of bugs living on the antelope.
The antelope gets rid of parasites.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
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Loa Loa Worm Human
This worm infects human the blood stream and gets
a nice warm safe home there. The human may go
blind or have other complications as a result.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
parasitism
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Goby and Alpheid Shrimp
This alpheid shrimp (on the right) uses its
strong claws like a bulldozer to create a burrow
in the sand. The shrimp is nearly blind. It
relies upon its partner, the sharp-eyed goby, to
warn of danger. When a potential predator
approaches, both animals disappear quickly into
the burrow
mutualism
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Wrasse Batfish
Can you see the two cleaner wrasses are removing
parasites from a batfish? One of the wrasses has
entered the gill slit of the batfish, and may
even enter its mouth in search of food. The
batfish gets a bath and the wrasse gets a meal.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
mutualism
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Hummingbird Moth Flower
mutualism
This hummingbird moth is drinking the nectar of a
flower. The flower gets pollinated (the moth
brings pollen from other flowers) and the moth
gets a tasty meal.
What symbiotic relationship is this?
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Lets Review
Answer each of following questions on a sheet of
lined paper.

1. What is symbiosis?
2. What are the different kinds of symbiosis?
3. Describe one example of each kind of symbiotic
   relationship.