13 Social and Economic Revolution

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13Social and Economic Revolution
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Overview

• Major Themes
• Collectivization
• Industrialization
• Conclusion

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A. Major Themes

1. Dialectical development revolutionary
   breakthrough in industry, crisis in agriculture
2. Failure to optimize opportunities in both spheres
3. Autarky autonomous development
4. Enormous social consequences and strife
5. Myth of planned economy

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B. Collectivization

• On the eve
• Mass collectivization
• First assault
• Methods
• Retreat
• Resumption
• Consolidation
• Dekulakization
• Results
• Famine of 1932-1933 (Holodomor)

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1929 Poster Female PeasantBuild a New Socialist
Way of Life
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Peasant Woman Join the Kolkhoz!
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1934 Poster Every Kolkhoznik To Have a Cow
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1934 Poster Those Peasants Who Work Hard Will
Have a Good Life
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1930 Poster Peasants (Mostly Women) Joyfully
Going To Work
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1931 Poster Jewish Kolkhoz
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Honor Badge for the Excellent Tractor Driver
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1929 Tractorization Arrival of First Tractor
in Village
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1929 Village Votes To Become Kokhoz
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1930 Village Signs Up To Become Kolkhoz
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1930 Poster Well Drive the Kulaks from the
Kolkhoz
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1930 Livestock Slain by Kulaks
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Kolkhoz Head Dekulakized in 1935
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Well Strike at the Kulak (1930)
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1930 Anti-Kulak Demonstration in Village
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Dekulakization Confiscation of Kulak Property
(1930)
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Twenty-Five Thousanders (1930)
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Novosibirsk Railway Depot Workers Collectivizers
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1930 Party Leader Slain by Kulaks
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Tractorization of Kolkhoz The Ideal
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Women Tractor Driver Shockworkers in the Village
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From the Land of Wooden Plows to the Land of
Tractors (1934)
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Real World Much Remains Unmechanized (1934)
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New Kolkhoz, Traditional Agriculture (1935)
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Real World Children Using Scythe on Kolkhoz
(1935)
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1935 Kolkhoz Deeded Permanent Ownership of Land
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1935 Radio Broadcast Exhorts Kolkhozniks To Work
Harder
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C. Industrialization

• On the Eve motives, preparation, problems
• First Five-Year-Plan (1927/8 1932)
• Plan
• Distortions
• Finances
• Results
• Second Five-Year-Plan (1933-37)
• Modifications
• Problems
• Results
• Third Five-Year-Plan (1938-41)
• Stalin Model Assessment

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Poster 1930 as the Decisive Year of the
Five-Year-Plan
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1930 Poster Industrialization as National Defense
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Workers Signing Up for Socialist Competition
(1939)
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The Three-Tonner Sign of Industrialization and
Mechanization
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But Much Remained Manual Labor
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Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plant Workers (1930)
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1930 New Steel Foundry
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1931 Magnitogorsk Construction Site
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Great Projects Turksib Railway Line (1931)
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1930s Building the Ferghana Canal
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1939 Building the Ferghana Canal
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Honor Badge for Guards at Ferghana Canal Site
(1939)
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1930s Building the Moscow Metro
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1935 Worker-Builders of Moscow Metro as the
First Passengers
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Shockworkers Overcoming Sloth and the Old Ways
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Shaming Slackers
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Satire Shockworkers and Parasites
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New Workers Arriving in Magnitogorsk (1931)
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New Worker Arriving in Magnitogorsk (1930)
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Young Worker in Magnitogorsk
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Living Conditions in Magnitogorsk
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Heroic Workers and Five-Year-Plan (1930)
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Female Shockworker
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D. Conclusion

1. Net results great achievements in industry,
   great disaster in agriculture
2. Failure to optimize, opportunity costs
3. Development and legitimacy