Energy

1
Energy

• Energy travels in WAVES
• Waves carry energy from one place to another
• Light and sound both move in Waves

2
Characteristics of Waves

• Crest - top of the wave
• Trough - bottom of the wave
• Wavelength distance from crest to crest
• Amplitude Height of the wave
• Frequency of waves per cycle

3
Wave Diagram
4
Light

• Light - form of energy that travels in waves
• light travels in straight line RAYS
• Beam group of rays traveling in the same
  direction
• Speed of Light 186,282 miles/ sec

5
Light

• Visible light light we see
• ROYGBIV
• red
• orange
• yellow
• green
• blue
• indigo
• violet

6
Light cont.

• Ultraviolet light short wavelengths that we
  cant see
• Infared light long wavelengths of light we
  cant see

7
What happens when light strikes a surface?

• 1. Reflection - light bounces off a surface
• ex. Mirror

8

• Refraction - light is bent when it travels
  through a substance
• Ex . Water slows light
• image appears to be closer than it is.

9
Color

• Color reflection of a wavelength of light
• visible light Visible ROYGBIV

10

• Prisms- triangular shaped objects made of clear
  glass
• separate light into individual wavelengths
• ROYGBIV

11
Sound

• Form of energy that moves in waves
• - million times slower than Light
• -Made by vibration of molecules
• -travels best through solids
• - Larger amplitude louder sound

12
Electrical Currents

• Conductors - materials that electricity travel
  well through
• metals , copper, gold, iron
• allow electrons to flow through

13
Magnetic Fields

• Each end of a magnet has a Pole
• Pole act like electrical charges
• Like poles same they repel each other
• Opposite poles attract each other
• and -

14

• Magnet any piece of stone, metal that attracts
  iron or steel
• Magnetism property of all matter
• only some materials have a strong enough
  magnetism to be noticed

15
cont

• The magnetic force strongest at the poles
• Electrons create magnetic pull
• When a magnet is heated or hammered the magnetic
  field of the electron return to their random
  positions

16
Insulators

• Electrical Insulators materials that
  electricity cant travel through well.
• Ex. Rubber and Plastic coating on a wire or plug.

17
Batteries

• Batteries change chemical energy to electrical
  energy
• - made of two metals and an acid
• acid moves electrons from one metal and adds it
  to another
• One metal becomes positively charged
• One is negatively charged

18
Circuit

• Circuit unbroken path of electricity flows
  through
• Usually contains a battery (energy) source,
  switch, and resistor (light)
• switch open electricity cannot flow
• switch closed electricity can flow