GROUP 2 PRESENTATION

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GROUP 2 PRESENTATION
By Bong Ju and Yvonne
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JOHN TUKEY
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BIOGRAPHY

• Mr. John Wilder Tukey was born in 1915 in New
  Bedford, Massachusetts. He graduated from Brown
  University in 1936, with a bachelors degree in
  Chemistry. In the next three years of his life
  he would earn three degrees, one in chemistry at
  Brown University and two in mathematics as
  Princeton University. He became a Professor at
  Princeton at the age of 35, and in 1965, became
  the founding chairman of Princetons Statistics
  Department. John Tukey had a fascinating career
  that would eventually lead him to become one of
  the most renowned mathematicians in the world.
  He developed wide range theories and ingenious
  techniques to analyze masses of complex data and
  compute series of numbers quickly. Mr. Tukey died
  on July 26, 2000, in New Brunswick, New Jersey at
  the age of 85.

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HIGHLIGHTS OF TUKEYS CAREER

• Worked as a researcher at ATT Laboratories
• Introduction to modern techniques for the
  estimation of spectra for time series
• Published Exploratory Data Analysis (Gave
  mathematicians new ways to analyze and present
  data) One of the tools is The Stem-and-Leaf
  Display
• Coined the word software before the founding of
  Microsoft.
• Chairman of a research committee that warned
  aerosol spray cans damaged the ozone layer

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MORE HIGHLIGHTS OF TUKEYS CAREER

• In 1973, awarded the National Medal of Science by
  President Richard Nixon
• First person to define the programs on which
  electronic calculators are ran.
• Termed the word bit, (binary digit) that
  describes 1s and 0s that are the basis for
  computer programs.
• 1960 to 1980 helped design the polls that the NBC
  television network used to predict and analyze
  elections
• Recommended that the census be adjusted by using
  statistical formulas in order to count poor urban
  residents who he thought were missed.

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U-2 SPY PLANE WORLD WAR II
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STEM- AND-LEAF PLOTS

• Definition It represents data by seperating
  each value into two parts the stem (leftmost
  digital) and the leaf (rightmost digital)
• Example If you have some values 59, 57, 60,
  63, 62, 74, 77,
• 79, 80, 81, 101

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Stem (tens) Leaf (units)
5 7,9
6 0,2,3
7 4,7,9
8 0,1
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10 1
Note The leaves are arranged in increasing
order, not the order they occur in original list.
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• Advantage
• We can see the distribution of data.
• We can reconstruct the original list of values by
  
• retaining all the information.
• It is quick and easy to sort data, and sorting is
  
• required for statistical procedures (finding
  median
• and percentile).