Global Offender DNA Database Update for ENFSI

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Global Offender DNA Database Updatefor ENFSI
Tim Schellberg Gordon Thomas Honeywell Government
Affairs Copenhagen, Denmark April 29, 2015
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50 COUNTRIES HAVE IMPLEMENTED NATIONAL PROGRAMS
OVER 60 MILLION OFFENDER SAMPLES
Australia Austria Bahrain Barbados Belarus Bel
gium Brazil Canada Czech Republic Chile China C
roatia Cyprus Denmark Estonia Finland France
Germany Hong Kong Hungary Iceland Israel Japa
n Jordan Kuwait LatviaLithuania Netherlands New
Zealand Macedonia Malaysia Mauritius Norway Oman P
anama Poland Portugal Qatar Russia Slovenia Slovak
ia Singapore South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland
Taiwan United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United
States Uruguay
These countries have implemented
legislation/polices on a national basis to
database the DNA of a defined category of
criminal offender
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BrazilThe 50th Country to Activate National
Criminal Offender DNA Database

• Database legislation passed in 2012

• Brazil Federal Police accepting profiles from
  States

• 7 of Brazils 26 states have begun collecting
  offender samples

• An estimated 2-3 years before all 22 relevant
  states begin participating

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Database Sizes

• Databases over 1 Million
• China - 20,000,000
• United States 11,681,925
• United Kingdom 4,898,074
• France 2,547,499
• Databases over 100K
• Germany 832,695
• Australia 590,607
• Japan 400,000 i
• Russia - 300,000
• Spain 297,494
• Canada 288,660
• Israel - 230,000 ii
• Netherlands - 152,049
• Singapore - 190,000 iii
• Austria 187,331
• Switzerland 169,317
• New Zealand - 145,512 I

2014 figures i 2013 ii 2012 Iii 2011
estimate
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National Database Implementation Countries
Ireland

• Legislation passed June 2014

• Limited to more serious crimes

• Implementation timelines?

Italy

• Legislation passed in 2009

• Minister of Justice declares implementation in
  2015

Greece

• Legislation passed in 2009

• Implementation plans uncertain

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National Database Implementation Countries
Bangladesh

• Parliament passed database legislation
  September 2014

• Implementation schedule is unknown

• DNA infrastructure for national database is
  limited

South Africa

• Database legislation passed in late 2013

• Lab construction underway to handle new samples
  created by legislation

• Implementation expected in 2016

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National Database Implementation Countries

• Regulations requiring the collection of DNA from
  all people indicted for a crime was approved in
  2006

Bulgaria

• Implementation activity is unknown

• No information about legislation or implementation

Malta
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Significant Pilot Countries
Thailand

• Large prisoner pilots

• Arrestee testing legislation under discussion

Vietnam

• CODIS agreement signed with FBI March 2015

• Large prisoner pilots

• Arrestee testing legislation under discussion

• Multiple Mexican states operate stand alone
  databases

Mexico

• Crime pressure forcing discussion of national
  database program

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Significant Pilot Countries

• Stake of Punjab (Lahore) has created a database
  of 5,000 prisoners suspects

Pakistan

• No national database discussion

• Notable unofficial database

• Legislation under discussion

Saudi Arabia
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Other Countries with Active Legislation
Discussions Underway

• Solid DNA infrastructure in government labs

Turkey

• Ministry of Justices Legal Medicine positioned
  to lead database effort, not Turkish police

• Legislation likely in 2016

• Legislation under discussion in the Peruvian
  Congress

• Disagreement on who will operate the database has
  caused delays

Peru
India

• Legislation in process and expected to pass in
  2015

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Other Countries with Active Legislation
Discussions Underway
Philippines

• Arrestee testing legislation Introduced April
  2015

• Philippines National Police (PNP) is actively
  building the DNA infrastructure

• CODIS installed at PNP in 2014

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Looking Forward
2015-2025 Predictions 80 Countries, 100150
Million Profiles
Beyond 2025

• Many of the remaining 117 countries will face
  challenges to develop databases

• Average per capita GDP is below 5,000 USA
• Crime control low on priority list

India Indonesia Pakistan Nigeria Bangladesh Mexico
Philippines Vietnam Iran Egypt Turkey Thailand It
aly South Africa Colombia Kenya Argentina Ukraine
Algeria Uganda Morocco Saudi Arabia Peru Venezuela
Sri Lanka Kazakhstan Ecuador Greece Ireland Botsw
ana

• Conclusion Many of the remaining countries will
  need new methods and reasons to move forward

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EUROPE
EU

• European databases continue to grow slowly under
  existing legislative authority.
• Unlike other regions of the world, European
  countries are not pursuing legislative expansion
  to increase database size. Little government or
  NGO advocacy exists to pursue expansion.

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UNITED STATES
OFFENDER DNA DATABASES
ALL CONVICTED FELONS LAWS
1999 5 states
2003 27 states
2008 42 states
2011 50 states
CODIS STATISTICS 2000 less than 500,000
convicted offenders 2015 more than 11,635,000
ARRESTEE / MISDEMEANOR LAWS
1999 1 state
2006 7 states
2010 25 states
2015 31 states
CODIS STATISTICS ARRESTEES 2004 less than
1,000 arrestees 2015 more than 1,911,000
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Australia New ZealandLegislation Expansion
New Zealand
Australia
2000 -
1995 -

• The 8 states territories only collect DNA from
  serious convicted criminals

Legislation passes to collect DNA from convicted
criminals
2010 -
All states territories have passed legislation
to collect DNA from all convicted criminals
2009 -
Legislation passes to collect DNA from arrestees
2015 -
5 of the 8 states have passed legislation to
collect DNA from arrestees
Northern Territory Queensland Western
Austraila South Australia Victoria
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2015 Legislation to Expand DNA Database in
theUnited States
All felony arrests law
Certain felony arrests law
Introduced legislation 2015
Misdemeanor convictions law
Introduced legislation 2015
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2015 Legislation to Require Mandatory Rape
KitTesting in the United States
Enacted audit bills
Introduced audit bills
Enacted reform bills
Introduced reform bills
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Civil DNA Databases
Discussion for whole population databases grows
in the Middle East
Changing Attitudes
Peru Newborn Pilot

• Denmark Study
• Nearly 80 say that cataloging the DNA of
  everyone in the country is a good idea.
• Copenhagen Post
• (February 4, 2015)

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Thanks!
Danke! Merci ! ????????? ! Hvala ! Dakujem
! Gracias ! ??????? ! Tack ! Tesekkür ederim
! Aciu ! Dekuji ! ????? ! Paldies ! Mul?umesc
! Dziekuje ! Obrigado ! ???????????????? ! Tak
! Dank u! Grazie ! Go raibh maith agat ! Köszönöm
! sa? e??a??st? ! ???? ??????? ! Kiitos ! Aitäh !
Tim Schellberg Gordon Thomas Honeywell Government
Affairs Copenhagen, Denmark April 29, 2015