Egypt

1
Egypts Powerful Kings and Queens

• Sec. 2

2
Hatshepsut

• Hatshepsut ruled Egypt during the New Kingdom
• She was a female pharaoh most known for creating
  a time of peace and wealth
• She is shown in statues with a beard to look like
  a man

3
From Dynasty to Dynasty

• Egypt had 31 dynasties
• Dynasties were grouped into 3 main periods, Old
  Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, and New Kingdom
• Gaps between the periods were times of trouble
  and wars

4
King Menes

• King Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt
• He built a city named Memphis
• The Egyptian Empire existed for 2,500 years until
  it was conquered by Alexander the Great of Greece

5
All-Powerful Pharaohs

• Pharaohs had absolute power
• They decided the laws, when the fields would be
  planted, and how to pray to the gods
• No one disobeyed the pharaoh

6
Two Thousand Years of Power

• Egypt grew wealthy during the first 6 dynasties
  in the old Kingdom
• Pharaohs kept peace with Nubia, and merchants
  traded for timber to build houses, boats and
  furniture across the Mediterranean

7
The Middle Kingdom

• About 2250 B.C. the governors in the provinces
  began to challenge the power of the pharaohs
  government
• Egypts unity started to break down and the
  dynasties grew weak

8
Dynasties of the Middle Kingdom

• The early dynasties of the Middle Kingdom
  restored order
• Irrigation projects were built instead of
  fighting wars
• A canal was built between the Nile and the Red
  Sea
• In time the pharaohs lost control of the country
  to foreign invaders

9
The New Kingdom

• By 1500 B.C. the New Kingdom began
• Pharaohs created huge armies using bronze swords
  and body armor
• Egyptians were able to keep invaders out

10
Thutmose III

• Thutmose III became pharaoh as a child
• Because of his young age, a regent was appointed
  to watch over him until he is old enough to rule
  by himself
• Hatshepsut was his stepmother and she ruled for
  22 years

11
Hunt for Power

• Hatshepsut refused to give up her power
• Thutmose III took over when she died and had her
  statues destroyed
• Some historians believe that Thutmose III might
  have had her killed

12
The End of Egyptian Civilization

• The New Kingdom began to decline around 1075 B.C.
• War within its civilization left Egypt weak
• Alexander the Great conquered it in 332 B.C.
• 300 years later, Egypt was conquered again by the
  Romans