http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuSEXMn5VME

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http//www.youtube.com/watch?vLuSEXMn5VME
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how we combine spoken\written words as we think
and communicate
Warm up Fill in the blanks __ __e __o__o__
__e__. __e__ i __ a __o__u__a__
__o__o__ i__ __u__a__ __u__ __u__e.
I__ __a__ __ __ __ __o__i__e __o__e,
__o__e__, __a__ __e__, __o__a__ __ __,
o__ a__ e__e__ __e__ __ __. I__ i__
a __o__o__ __o__ __ __ __i__ __ __a__
a__ __ __a__e__ __i__e__ __a__. I__
__a__ __e a __e__ __e__ __e__
__a__ o__ __ou __a__ __e i__
__ __e __e__. __ __ea__i__ __ __e__
__a__ __oo__ __ __ou__ __o__ __i__e__
__e.
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Language Structure
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Language Structure
smallest distinctive sound unit in language
ex ch (chug) vs th (thug)
Example how many phonemes and morphemes are in
the word cats Phonemes
Morphemes
4 C, A, T, S
2 CAT, S
smallest unit of language that carries meaning
ex prefixes (pre-) or suffixes (-ed)
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Grammar
system of rules that allows us to understand one
another
Semantics ex
Syntax ex
rules to derive meaning from morphemes, words,
sentences
rules we use to order words into sentences
adding -ed to laugh means that it happened in the
past
(lang. dependent) adjectives before nouns White
House instead of Casa Blanca
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Context is important.
gun
The spy sees the police officer with the
______________ The spy sees the police officer
with the _______________
binoculars
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Language Development
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Language Development
Stage 1 Babbling
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2
3
Babbling random noises of all languages - can
hear differences between noises
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5
6
7
8
babbling shifts towards native language - only
uses sounds that baby hears http//www.youtube.com
/watch?vvQ64R0KKssc
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10
11
9
first word - one word means a sentence
word concept is too narrow dog only my dog,
and no other
word concept is too broad dog all dogs in the
world
word explosion - 20 per week
assumption that word applies to entire object,
rather than quality or part (pencil example)
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Stage 3 Two Word (telegraphic)
24 months
follows rules of syntax ish
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Twin Languages

• Cryptophasia or idioglossia secret twin
  language
• Considering how much time twins spend together,
  how do you think this happens?

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Language Acquisition Theories
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Language Acquisition Theories
language development is all about simple learning
principles
Given adequate nurture, language develops
naturally
our brain is designed to acquire language
sights of things sounds of words
your word use word use of others
all languages have same building blocks
smiles and hugs use those words again!
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Language Acquisition Theories
Statistical Learning and Critical
Periods Critical Periods
childhood is designed to master language
age 3 - deadline to start learning language
without penalty
age 7 - lose ability to master ANY language
age 9 - learning second language will have accent
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Language and Thinking
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Language and Thinking
language imposes different conceptions of
reality (determines thinking)

• Thinking in images
• Nondeclarative/procedural memory
• Shows much of information processed occurs
  outside of consciousness (only occasionally
  surfaces as conscious words)