Fats

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Fats
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What Are They?

• Fats are another energy source for our bodies.
• Fats belong to a larger group of compounds called
  lipids. Lipids include both fats and oils.

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Types of Fat

• Saturated
• Unsaturated
• Trans Fat

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Saturated Fat

• Fat that is solid at room temperature
• Comes primarily from animal sources.
• EX Butter
• Cheese
• Marbling in beef
• Chicken fat
• Consuming diets high in saturated fats increases
  LDL (Bad cholesterol)

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Unsaturated Fat

• Naturally liquid at room temperature
• Includes polyunsaturated fats monounsaturated
  fats
• Generally come from vegetable sources.
• EX Olive oil
• Canola oil
• The oils in nuts and seeds
• The oils in fish and avocados
• Increases HDL levels (good cholesterol) and
  lowers LDL (the bad cholesterol)

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Trans Fats

• Normally liquid at room temperature but have been
  chemically altered to be solid through a process
  called Hydrogenation.
• Used in food manufacturing to improve shelf life
  of various food items and to enhance the taste
  and texture.
• Found in processed foods including margarine.

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Trans Fat

• They lower HDL and raise LDL
• Recommended to be completely avoided!
• Look for hydrogenated or partly hydrogenated
  on the food labels in the ingredient list.
• Even if the label says no trans fat by law
  small amounts may still be present.

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Cholesterol

• A fatty like substance found in every cell in the
  body.
• It serves several important functions
• Its part of the skin tissue
• It aids in the transportation of fatty acids
  (which reduces hardening of arteries, improves
  immune function..)
• Needed in the body to produce hormones

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LDL Cholesterol

• Bad cholesterol
• When too much LDL (bad) cholesterol circulates in
  the blood, it can slowly build up in the inner
  walls of the arteries that feed the heart and
  brain. Together with other substances, it can
  form plaque, a thick, hard deposit that can
  narrow the arteries and make them less flexible.
  This condition is known as atherosclerosis. If a
  clot forms and blocks a narrowed artery, heart
  attack or stroke can result.

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HDL Cholesterol

• Good cholesterol
• About one-fourth to one-third of blood
  cholesterol is carried by high-density
  lipoprotein (HDL). HDL cholesterol is known as
  "good" cholesterol, because high levels of HDL
  seem to protect against heart attack. Low levels
  of HDL (less than 40 mg/dL) also increase the
  risk of heart disease. Medical experts think that
  HDL tends to carry cholesterol away from the
  arteries and back to the liver, where it's passed
  from the body. Some experts believe that HDL
  removes excess cholesterol from arterial plaque,
  slowing its buildup.

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Functions of Fat

• Energy source
• Carry certain vitamins (fat soluble vitamins)
• Carry flavor substances that make food taste good
• Make breads and meat tender
• Helps you feel full after eating
• Helps store energy and forms cushions that
  protect your internal organs
• Fat under your skin creates insulation that helps
  maintain your body temperature

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Fat Deficiencies

• Result in weight loss and energy loss
• Will lower the amount of fatty acids, which can
  lower your immune system so you will be
  susceptible to get sick
• You will not be able to absorb fat-soluble
  vitamins like vitamin k, which helps your blood
  clot