Cell Biology

1
Cell Biology

• The basic unit of life

2
What is a cell?

• The smallest unit of life that can carry out all
  the functions of a living thing.
• Cell Introduction

3
Cell Organelles

• Tiny organs of the cell.
• Like the organs of a human.

4
Cell Membrane

• All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane.
• It is a thin layer of lipid and protein that
  separates the cells contents from its
  environment.
• It acts like skin does to humans.

5
Cell Membrane

• Cell Membrane

6
Nucleus

• The control center of the cell.
• Contains most of the cells genetic material.
• It is like the brain of a living organism.

7
Nucleus

• Nucleus Video

8
Cytoplasm

• All the material between the cell membrane and
  the nucleus.
• Semi-fluid substance made up mostly of water and
  organic compounds.
• Can compare it to blood in the human body.

9
Cytoplasm

• Cytoplasm Video

10
Ribosomes

• Make proteins needed by the cell.
• Help to make the proteins from the amino acids.
• Can compare the ribosomes to a factory that makes
  ipods to sell to students.

11
Nucleolus

• Found in the nucleus.
• Makes the ribosomes needed by the cell.

12
Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Extensive network of membranes that produces
  materials needed for the cell.
• Two kinds Rough ER and Smooth ER.
• Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and helps
  to make proteins.
• Smooth ER makes lipids, and helps to process CHO.

13
Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Can compare the ER to a highway.
• It moves items around the cell, like cars on a
  highway.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum Video

14
Golgi Apparatus (Bodies)

• Series of flat, membrane-bound sacs where
  molecules are sorted, packaged, and distributed
  to their final destination.
• Can compare the Golgi to a post office where they
  receive, sort, and deliver your mail to you.

15
Golgi Apparatus

• Golgi Video

16
Mitochondria

• Power house of the cell.
• Most of the cells energy needed to power the
  cells activities is generated here.
• Changes the energy stored in food into energy
  useful to the cell.
• Can compare to it a battery that operates your
  ipod. Without your battery your ipod would not
  work.

17
Mitochondria

• Mitochondria Video

18
Lysosomes

• Contain digestive enzymes that help to break down
  large molecules and old organelles that are no
  longer useful to the cell.
• Can compare them to a junk yard.

19
Lysosome

• Lysosome Video

20
Cell City Analogy

• Lets compare our cell to that of a city that
  makes Widgets!