Testes (2, contained in the scrotum)

1
What is the route of a sperm cell?
Testes (2, contained in the scrotum) Epididymis
(convoluted tube for sperm maturation) Vas
deferens (ascends through spermatic cord) Seminal
vesicles (glands producing seminal
fluids) Ejaculatory ducts (conduct seminal
vesicle fluids to urethra) Prostate gland (gland
contributing to semen) Bulbourethral gland (gland
contributing to semen) Urethra - penis (transport
for semen and copulatory organ)
2
What is the route of a sperm cell?
3
Testes originate in the abdominal cavity, so how
do they get into the scrotum?
4
What are the important features of testes?
Small organs with exocrine and endocrine
functionWhich products are which?
Covered with tunica albuginea Connective tissue
enters testes forming septa Septa form
lobules Seminiferous tubules and stroma within
lobules. Interstitual cells (Leydig cells) in
the stroma testosterone
5
What are the important features of testes?
Seminiferous tubules contain 2 primary cell
types 1) Germ cells that go through
spermatogenesis (see 28.4) 2) Sertoli (otherwise
known as sustenacular or nurse cells) Sperm cells
(spermatozoa) are released and move to epididymis)
6
Why an epididymis rather than a simple duct?
Seminiferous tubules empty into epididymis Sperm
cells mature here and await release via
ejaculation Epididymitis inflammation of the
epididymis due to infections
Spermatocoeleepididymis engorged with sperm
cells (may follow a vasectomy
7
How does meiosis relate to spermatocytes?
8
What comprises the spermatic cord?
9
What is the role of the prostate gland?
10
When/where does semen enter the urethra?
11
What are the necessary components for
reproduction?
1) Gonads (ovaries -- create sex cells) 2) Ducts
(fallopian tubes -- conducting gametes) 3) Uterus
(provides for development of baby) 4) Vagina
(receive sperm, allows birth) 5) Breasts
(provide nourishment for infant)
12
What is the route of an egg (oocyte)?
13
What are the external female anatomical
structures?
14
Gender and Genitals?!?
15
What target tissue(s) response for adrenal
androgens?
Adrenal androgens (ex. Androstenedione) are
converted enzymatically into more potent
androgens such as testosterone. In males this has
minimal effect compared to testosterone
secretion. During development hypersecretion of
these adrenal androgens can play an important
role in genital development.
Adrenogenital syndrome
16
How do uterine structures relate to function?
17
How does meiosis relate to oocytes?
18
How do vaginal structures relate to function?
19
How does conception occur?
20
How do the sperm and egg unite?
21
How does a new life make maternal connections?
Blastocyst must implant in the uterus forming the
placenta
22
How is the placenta formed?
Cells from the trophoblast form 2
populationscytotropho-blast
syncytiotropho-blast Syn tissue invades
endometrium
Maternal vessels eroded forming lacunae
23
What is involved with lactation?
sinus