SKIN CANCER

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SKIN CANCER

• Jess Ahn, Pj Pimental, Jennifer King, Patrick Gray

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What is Skin Cancer?

• Cancer develops when DNA, the molecule found in
  cells that encodes genetic information, becomes
  damaged and the body cannot repair the damage.
  The damaged cells begins to grow and divide
  uncontrollably. When this occurs in the skin,
  skin cancer develops. As the damaged cells
  multiply, a tumor starts to form.
• http//www.skincarephysicians.com/skincancernet/wh
  atis.html

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Prevention

• Stay out of the sun 9AM-3PM
• Seek shade
• Wear protective clothing
• Sunscreen SPF!!
• Avoid indoor tanning

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Symptoms

• ABCDE RULE!
• A is for asymmetry
• B is for border irregularity
• C is for color
• D is for diameter
• E is for evolution
• http//www.webmd.com/melanoma-skin-cancer/asymmetr
  y

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Risk Factors

• Fair skin
• Less pigment provides less protection from UV
  rays
• History of sunburns
• Excessive sun exposure
• Sunny or high altitude climates
• Moles
• Family history
• Weak immune system
• Age
• http//www.mayoclinic.com/health/skin-cancer/DS001
  90/DSECTIONrisk-factors

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Treatment

• Surgery-take out tumor, cut it in thin layers
• Radiation therapy-uses high energy x-rays to kill
  cancer cells
• Chemotherapy- uses drugs to stop growth of cancer
  cells
• Photodynamic therapy- uses drug or laser to kill
  cancer cells

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Stats

• 1 in 5 Americans will develop skin cancer in
  course of life time
• In past 31 years, most common cancer
• 1800 Americans are living with a history of
  melanoma
• Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in
  the United States

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Diagnosis

• Early warning signs suspicious lesions on skin
• Doctor discusses family history and sunburn
  history
• Skin examination, examines size, shape, color of
  suspicious areas
• Examine lymph glands to check for signs of cancer
• Biopsy, in order to diagnose cancer
• http//skincancer.about.com/od/diagnosis/a/diagnos
  is.htm
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vtJyI5P-WpIM

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Brain Cancer

• By
• Beth, Jess, Abby, Jen, Trevor, Connor

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Overview

• Brain cancer is cancer of the central
  information processing center of the body
• Tumor can either be MALIGNANT or BENIGN.
• Malignant tumor cancerous
• Benign no traces of cancer.

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Risk factors

• Males are at more risk of getting Brain Cancer,
  but meningiomas.
• Brain Cancer is more likely in Caucasians rather
  then the other races.
• If family members have had brain cancer, they
  have a higher risk in developing brain cancer as
  well.
• People who work with radiation have a very high
  risk of developing brain cancer.

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Stats

• Highest percent of people diagnosed with brain
  cancer is 17.1. Btw ages 65-74
• Highest mortality rate of people with brain
  cancer is in the same group it is highest
  diagnosed in being 23.9 of people who die are
  btw 65-75

• 5 years survival rates for cancer
• 32.1 percent Caucasian men
• 33.5 percent Caucasian women
• 37.7 percent African American men
• 37.5 percent for African American woman

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Symptoms and diagnosis of brain cancer.

• A new seizure in an adult
• Loss of movement in arms or legs over time.
• Dizziness, associated with headaches.

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Prevention/Treatment

• Avoid Vynal Chloride, chemical plant, radiation
  exposure to the head.
• Eat healthy, visit doctor, dont drink or smoke
• Once diagnosed with brain cancer you can get a
  gamma knife treatment non evasive tool
  specifically designed to treat many brain
  cancers. Instead of using a blade it is a from of
  radiation.
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v_fioC34LZegfeature
  endscreenNR1

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Lung Cancer The Facts

• This presentation is presented to you by Greg
  Albert, Marc LeDrappier, Danny Rito, Andrew
  Gregory
• Source, Lungcancer.org and Wikipedia

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CIGGERETTES ARE HIGHEST CAUSE
28 OF ALL CANCER DEATHS
88,000 MEN WILL DIE A YEAR, 70,000 WOMEN
APPROXIMATLY 220,000 PEOPLE WILL BE DIAGNOSED A
YEAR
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SMOKING
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(No Transcript)
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Risk Factor

• 87 of all Lung Cancer is related to Smoking
• Genetics can also play a role in risk
• Radon, industrial substances, and air pollution

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Statistics prevalance

• The leading cause of cancer deaths in the United
  States, among both men and women. Lung cancer
  claims more lives each year than colon, prostate,
  ovarian, lymph and breast cancers combined.
• The average age at which lung cancer is diagnosed
  is 71, with less than 3 of lung cancers
  diagnosed under the age of 45.
• 1 in 13 for man and 1 in 16 for women
• The overall 5-year survival rate for all stages
  of lung cancer is
• 13.7 for white men
• 18.3 for white women
• 10.8 for black men
• 14.5 for black women

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Symtoms

• Coughing
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Spewing up blood

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Pancreatic Cancer

• Cheyenne Pellicoro
• Erica Spinelli
• Heeral Patel
• Evan Slass

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What is Pancreatic Cancer?

• Cell growth is out of control beginning in the
  pancreas. The cells continue dividing and form
  lumps or tumors.

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Statistics

• About 43,920 people will be diagnosed with
  pancreatic cancer
• About 37,390 people will die of pancreatic
  cancer.
• The five year survival rate after diagnosis is
  less than five percent.
• Since 2004 rates of pancreatic cancer have
  increased about 1.5 percent per year.

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Risk Factors

• Smoking
• Age
• Race
• Gender
• Chronic Pancreatitis
• Diabetes
• Diet
• Religious back ground, most found in Jews than
  the rest of the population because of a
  particular inherited mutation in the beast cancer
  gene which runs in a lot of Jewish families.

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Symptoms

• Pain in Abdomen
• Weight loss
• Loss of appetite
• Bloating
• Diarrhea
• Jaundice, yellowing of the skin.

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Preventions

• Quit smoking
• Maintain healthy weight
• Exercise
• Choose healthy diet
• Go to the doctor and get checked
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v6wb82qP_UDIfeature
  related

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Colorectal Cancer
Cancer that starts in the large intestine (colon)
or the rectum (end of the colon).
By Nick Roesch, Albert Topdjian, Lindsey
Caparoso, Elyssa Rudnitsky
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Statistics

• Of cancers that affect both men and women,
  colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of
  cancer-related deaths in the United States
• The third most common cancer in men and in
  women.
• The median age for diagnosis is 71
• The median age for death is 75
• Deaths are more common for men than women
  despite the diagnosis being the same
• 90 survival if the cancer is localized

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Risk Factors

• Age
• More common above 60
• Race
• African American Eastern European
• Diet
• high in red or processed meats
• High fat low fiber
• Smoking and Alcohol
• Colorectal polyps (a growth that stick out of the
  lining from the colon or rectum)
• Lack of exercise
• Type 2 diabetes
• Family history of cancer
• Crohns Disease or Uclerative Colitis

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Symptoms Diagnosis

• Abdominal pain and tenderness
• Blood in the stools
• Diarrhea
• Changes in bowel habits
• Weight loss
• Test positive for fecal blood test
• Colonoscopy (internal examination of the colon)
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy (check for polyps)

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vlb55VXQDd8Q
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Prevention

• Colon cancer screening
• Remove polyps
• Low fat, High fiber diet
• Medications
• Aspirin
• Ibuprofen

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Treatments

• Surgery
• Colectlmy (To remove cancer cells)
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation Therapy

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Stomach Canceraka Gastric Cancer

• Tom, Jaime, Samantha, Amanda

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Facts about stomach cancer

• Stomach cancer starts in the stomach, a sack-like
  organ that holds food and begins the digestion
  process.
• Cancer can start in any part of the stomach.
• As cancer grows deeper into the layers, the
  prognosis for the patient gets worse. Starting
  from the inside.

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Causes of stomach cancer

• Tobacco Smoking almost doubles the risk of
  stomach cancer.
• Diet An increased risk of stomach cancer is
  linked to diets high in smoked foods, salted fish
  and meats and pickled vegetables.
• -Eating whole grain products and fresh fruits
  and vegetables that contain vitamins A and C
  appears to lower the risk of stomach cancer.
• Gender Stomach cancer is more than twice as
  common in men.

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Symptoms

• Discomfort of pain in the stomach area
• Difficulty swallowing
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weight loss
• Feeling full or bloated after a small meal
• Vomiting in stool or when coughing

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Diagnosis

• Physical exam- Doctor feels abdomen for fluid and
  swelling. Also swollen lymph nodes.
• Endoscopy- An endoscope, or lighted tube, is used
  to look in stomach through the esophagus.
• Biopsy- An endoscope could also remove tissue
  from the stomach. The tissue is put under a
  microscope to look for cancer cells. Only method
  to know if cancer is present.

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Treatment

• Chemotherapy drugs
• Radiation Therapy
• Surgery
• Targeted Therapy - drugs

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Statistics

• Second leading cause of death
• About 21,320 cases of stomach cancer will be
  diagnosed
• About 10,540 people will die from this type of
  cancer
• The risk of a person developing stomach cancer in
  their lifetime is about 1 in 114, but it is
  slightly higher in men than in women.

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http//www.youtube.com/watch?v_b_nj5yCHJE

• Overview

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Oral Cancer

• By Alexandra Pasch
• Michael Griffin
• Anderson Chan
• Daniel Pedroso

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Define the Cancer

• Oral Cancer is cancer of the mouth.
• Part of the group of head neck cancers
• Can develop in any part of the oral cavity (or
  oropharynx)
• Almost all oral cancers begin in flat cellsthis
  cancer is called squamous cell carcinomas.

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4 Statistics/Prevalence

• Oral cancer commonly affects the lips and
  tonguealso can occur in cheek lining, floor of
  mouth, gums, roof of the mouth
• Each year (in US), more than 21,000 men and 9,000
  women are diagnosed. Most are over 60 years old.
• 1 person per hour dies of oral cancer
• High death ratedetected late in its development

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Risk Factors

• Tobacco
• Heavy alcohol use
• HPV Infectionsome HPV viruses can effect the
  mouth and throat
• Suncancer of the lip caused by sun exposure
• Personal history of oral cancer
• Dietnot eating enough fruits and vegetables
• Betel Nut Usechewing product commonly used in
  Asia

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Symptoms/Diagnosis

• Sore, lump, or ulcer in the mouth
• May be a deep, hard-edged crack in the tissue
• Most often pale colored, but may be dark or
  discolored
• On the tongue, lip, or other area of the mouth
• Usually painless at first (may develop a burning
  sensation or pain when the tumor is advanced)
• Video of Symptoms http//www.youtube.com/watch?v
  Eqjskh54wOI

• Other symptoms that may occur with oral cancer
  include
• Chewing problems
• Mouth sores
• Pain with swallowing
• Speech difficulties
• Swallowing difficulty
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
• Tongue problems
• Weight loss

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Prevention

• Avoid smoking (or other tobacco use)
• Correct any dental problems
• Limit/avoid alcohol use
• Practice good oral hygiene

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Treatment

• Small Tumorssurgery is recommended
• Larger Tumorssurgery, radiation therapy and
  chemotherapy
• Surgery is not commonly performed if cancer has
  spread to the lymph nodes in the neck
• Other Treatments therapy to improve chewing,
  swallowing and speech

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Sources

• http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH000203
  0/
• http//www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/oral/page
  4
• http//www.medicinenet.com/oral_cancer/article.htm
  

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Prostate Cancer

• By Ryan Gavin, Alexander Bloom, Colby Oleksy,
  Patricia Hwang, Charley Burrows

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Prostate Cancer

• Cancer that forms in tissues of the prostate (a
  gland in the male reproductive system found below
  the bladder and in front of the rectum).
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v7YA1fumPaf0

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Pictures
Normal Prostate
Enlarged Prostate
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Statistics and prevalence

• There are an estimated 241,740 new cases of
  prostate cancer a year.
• There is an estimated 28,170 deaths per year.
• Prostate cancer is the most common cause of death
  in men over the age of 75, and is rarely found in
  men younger than 40.
• 1 in 6 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer
  in his lifetime.

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Risk Factors

• African-American men
• Men who are older than 60
• Men who have a father or brother with prostate
  cancer
• Men who use too much alcohol
• Men who eat a high fat diet

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Symptoms

• Symptoms-
• Delayed start of urinary stream
• Leaking of urine
• Straining when urinating
• Blood in urine
• Bone pain or tenderness in lower back and pelvis

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Diagnosis

• A biopsy is the only way to tell if you have
  prostate cancer
• A high PSA level or an examination of the
  prostate will tell if you need a biopsy

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Prevention

• If possible, avoid-
• Agent orange
• Eating a high animal fat diet
• Working at a tire plant
• Being around paint for an extended period of time
• Being around cadmium

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Treatment

• Surgery
• Radiation Therapy
• Hormone therapy
• Chemotherapy

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Sources

• http//www.cancer.org/Cancer/ProstateCancer/Detail
  edGuide/prostate-cancer-key-statistics
• http//www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/prostate
• http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH000141
  8/