Unit II: Communist Russia Under Lenin

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Unit II Communist Russia Under Lenin
Peacemaking, Peacekeeping - International
Relations 1918-1924
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The Immediate Effects of WWI

• The Russian Revolution
• Defeat of the Central Powers
• Destruction Loss of Life
• The Treaty of Versailles
• The League of Nations
• Breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire
• Forming of Mandates

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Long-Term Effects of WWI

• German Italian Resentment of the Treaty of
  Versailles
• US Policy of Isolationism
• Disillusionment of the Lost Generation
• The Rise of Fascism
• World War II

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The Impact of the War on Europe (1919)

• I. The Human Cost of the War
• /- 9 million soldiers were killed about 15
  of all combatants
• /- 5 million civilians died from diseases
  related to food shortages
• Talk of a Lost Generation
• Ex. France 20 between 20 40 killed
• 1918-1919 Influenza Epidemic
• killed around 20 million worldwide (500,000
  Americans)

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WW1 Casualty and Death Tables (pbs.org)
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A few of the 240,000 British war amputees.
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The Men with the Broken Faces
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A sculptor working amidst the casts of soldiers
hanging on the wall.
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Douaumont ossuary, a cemetery for both French and
German soldiers who died during the Battle of
Verdun in 1916
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The Impact of the War on Europe (1919)

• II. Economic Consequences
• War cost Britain 34 billion
• US lent 2 billion ? Britain France
• Britain never regained its pre-war financial
  predominance

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The Impact of the War on Europe (1919)

• III. Political Consequences
• Destruction of German, Russian, Turkish,
  Austro-Hungarian Empires
• Power vacuum in Central Europe
• Growth of socialist politics and fear of
  revolution

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Map of Europe in 1923
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Imperialists their colonies 1920
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The Impact of the War Outside of Europe (1919)

• I. United States
• Emerged as the worlds leading economy
• Took over many European overseas markets during
  the war
• Worlds leader in technological advances
  (chemicals, mechanization, plastics)
• Return of isolationist sentiment

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The Impact of the War Outside of Europe (1919)

• II. Japan
• Brought economic growth prosperity
• Seized German colonies in Asia
• Territorial, political, economic ambitions in
  China
• III. China
• Opposed to Japanese demands