CHROMOSOMES

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CHAPTER 6 CHROMOSOMES
AND CELL REPRODUCTION
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About 2 trillion cells are produced by you every
day Per second?
About 25 million
Egg/Sperm ? Zygote? Embryo ? Fetus ? Baby
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Cell Division Cell Reproduction
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THE CELL CYCLE
sequence of growth and division
- Interphase - Mitosis
2 Stages?
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G1
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S
DNA Replication
Exact copies of Chromosomes
DNA must be copied then distributed
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DNA
Gene a segment of DNA that codes for a protein
Gene
Genes ? You
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Chromosome
DNA
Gene
Chromosome consists of DNA tightly coiled
around proteins
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Single?
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Pairs?
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Somatic cells (body cells)
HUMANS
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Why pairs?
Diploid 2n
Mom
Dad
? Gene
Gene ?
? Gene
Gene ?
Autosomes
Pair 1-22
? Gene
Gene ?
? Gene
Gene ?
Pair 23
Sex Chromosomes
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Human
Molecules that aid?
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G1? End of S?
Enzymes
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G2 Growth/Prep for Mitosis
Centrioles
Centrioles
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MITOSIS
Acronym?
PMAT
Phases?
Prophase

Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
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PMAT
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Cytokinesis
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Chromosome ?
DNA pairs find partner Sister Chromatids
Sister Chromatids ?

Homologous Chromosomes
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M
P
Pairs?
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T
A
?
?
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• YouTube - Mitosis

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CYTOKINESIS
Animal
Plant
Cleavage Furrow
Cell Plate
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Daughter Cells go?
Interphase
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1
Prophase
Anaphase
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Telophase
Which?
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Metaphase
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Interphase
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Control of the Cell Cycle
90 time in Interphase
Feedback signals red/green light
Controlled by proteins
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Cancer uncontrolled growth/division of cells
If gene that contains info for cell
growth/division is mutated Cell growth/division
unregulated
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Tumor
a mass of abnormal cells.
benign tumor
malignant tumor
Metastasis
(start more tumors)
Therapy?
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy with toxic drugs.
Mammograms ?
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END