Freud

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Freuds Defense Mechanisms
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• The Egos job is so difficult that unconsciously
  all people resort to psychological defenses.
  Rather than face intense frustration, conflict,
  or feelings of unworthiness, people trick
  themselves into believing nothing is wrong.

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Defense Mechanisms

• Defenders of the ego from experiencing anxiety
  about failing in its tasks.

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Repression

• When a person has painful memories and
  unacceptable thoughts and motives that causes the
  ego too much anxiety, she may push that thought
  or urge out of consciousness down into the
  unconscious.

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Projection

• Another way the ego avoids anxiety is to believe
  that impulses coming from within are really
  coming from other people.

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Reaction Formation

• Involves replacing an unacceptable feeling or
  urge with its opposite.
• For example a divorced father may resent having
  his child for the weekend. Unconsciously, he
  feels it is terribly wrong for a father to react
  that way. So he showers the child with
  expressions of love and exciting trips.

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Regression

• Means going back to an earlier and less mature
  pattern of behavior. When a person is under
  severe pressure and his or her other defense
  mechanisms are not working he may start acting in
  a way that helped him in the past.
• For example temper tantrums, crying, making faces
  or reverting to eating and sleeping all the time.

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Sublimation

• Unconscious shifting of an unacceptable drive.
• Example Lust for a sister into a culturally
  acceptable behavior, lust for your friends sister.

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Displacement

• Occurs when the object of an unconscious wish
  provokes anxiety. The anxiety is reduced when
  the ego unconsciously shifts to another object.
• For example if you wanted to hit your father but
  you hit your little brother instead.

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