Key Terms

1
Key Terms The Renaissance and Humanism

• Renaissance
• The Medicis
• Patrons
• Secularism
• Leonardo Da Vinci
• Michaelangelo Buonarroti
• Andrea Palladio
• Humanism

• Dante Aligheri
• William Shakespeare
• Miguel de Cervantes
• Niccolo Machiavelli

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Background

• The flow of wealth from trade and the new sights
  seen through exploration brought a flood of new
  ideas into Europe during the 14th and 15th
  Centuries.
• People began to focus more on themselves rather
  than what could happen in the future or the
  afterlife.
• Considering this period occurs after the Plague,
  many view it as the rebirth of Europe or a
  Renaissance.
• Renaissance ? term used to describe the renewed
  interest in classical culture and the surge of
  creativity that occurred in Europe.

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Italy in the 15th Century

• Italy was controlled by three different groups
  during the 15th Century.
• The popes controlled the Papal States, the
  traders and merchants in essence ran the Italian
  City-States and the Holy Roman Empire controlled
  Northern Italy.
• All of these territories rivaled each other and
  forced a change in lifestyle for many to be able
  to compete for wealth.

4
The Medicis and Patronage

• Most of the city-states had their own
  governments.
• One of which, Florence, was run by a prominent
  banking family known as the Medicis.
• The Medicis would use their wealth to fund the
  ventures of artists, inventors, and scientists.
• Since they would usually end up buying what is
  produced, they are considered patrons.

5
Changes in Thinking

• Art was initially reserved for the Church as
  artists made stained glass paintings, sculptures,
  and murals based on religious figures and events.
• Under the patronage of others, artists began to
  focus on worldly aspects for their inspiration.
• Secularism ? the focus on what can be experienced
  here and now.
• Artists now drew the human form, historical
  events and other aspects of the world creating
  brilliant new forms of art.

6
Leonardo da Vinci

• Da Vinci ? famous sculptor, architect, painter,
  scientist and engineer during the Renaissance.
• Da Vinci would paint two famous masterpieces The
  Last Supper and the Mona Lisa
• He would also leave behind many blueprints for
  items that would not be seen for many years to
  come such as a flying machine and a machine gun.

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Leonardo da Vinci
8
Michaelangelo

• Michaelangelo ? poet, sculptor and artist from
  the Renaissance.
• He was supported by the Medicis and is most known
  for his painting within the Sistine Chapel of the
  Dawn of Man
• He is also known for building the dome on St.
  Peter's Church.

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Michaelangelo
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Andrea Palladio

• Palladio ? famous architect from the Renaissance
  period.
• Was an architect greatly influenced by Roman
  architecture which greatly influenced his
  construction of the Church of San Giorgio among
  other buildings throughout Italy.

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Humanism

• Just like art managed to move away from religion
  and become more secular, as did literature.
• Writers began to turn away from just living and
  reading the Bible and began to study the ancient
  Greek and Roman writings.
• They believed that it was time for man to focus
  on himself and the now instead of worrying what
  will happen in the afterlife.
• This belief is known as humanism.

12
Dante Alighieri

• Dante ? famous writer during the 14th Century,
  responsible for the Divine Comedy.
• The Divine Comedy is used by many as the basis
  for what eternal punishment could be like.
• The work focused on the movement of man through
  the circles of hell.

13
William Shakespeare

• Shakespeare ? playwright responsible for
  assisting in a cultural rebirth in London.
• Known to have written many famous plays.
• Helped contribute to a new dialect of English
  known as Shakespearean or Elizabethan English

14
Miguel de Cervantes

• Cervantes ? Spanish writer who contributed to the
  Renaissance period.
• Wrote Don Quixote, a story about an old man who
  fashioned himself as a knight and went on many
  misadaventures.

15
Niccolo Machiavelli

• Machiavelli ? political writer who spoke how one
  should govern.
• Wrote the Prince which was used as the basis for
  absolute monarchy.
• It is better to feared, than loved.