India-Pakistan and the Conflict over Kashmir

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India-Pakistan and the Conflict over Kashmir
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http//ibnlive.in.com/videos/103190/kashmiri-women
-join-fight-against-militancy.html 233pm Oct.
13, 2009
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The Problem
Both India and Pakistan wish to control
Kashmir WHY?
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Why do both India and Pakistan believe control
of Kashmir is so important?
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• People of Kashmir still mostly tribunal
• Geography is mostly rural
• -fierce mountains, deserts, valleys
• Industry is undeveloped
• Natural resources are undeveloped
• - no significant oil, gold, silver discovered
• yet

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Why the Fuss?
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Water

• Headwaters of the Indus River located in Kashmir
• Indus begins in Kashmir, flows through Pakistan
  and then into India.
• Kashmir is part of India and they could divert
  water and dry out Pakistan.

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Religion

• Pakistan primarily Muslim
• India primarily Hindu
• 80 of people in Kashmir primarily Muslim
• Sikhs (about 10 of the people in Kashmir) want
  to remain in India.

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Strategic Location

• For India, Kashmir acts as a buffer
• For Pakistan, Kashmir offers a fertile roadway
  into India for possible invasion

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Who Controls Kashmir?

• Kashmirs Ruler placed Kashmir under Indias
  control in exchange for protection from Pakistani
  invasion (60 years ago)
• NO vote was held

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• Kashmirs people have never recognized Indias
  control over the region.
• However, they do enjoy benefits from being
  part of India
• - excellent education, television, computer access

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What has happened?

• India and Pakistan have fought 3 wars
• India won all three with the help of militant
  Sikhs (in Kashmir)
• Kashmirs people would like the help of U.S. and
  UN, but they have NOT become involved
• WHY?

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The U.S. wants to be friends with BOTH
Pakistan and India
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Pakistan

• We have a Treaty with Pakistan saying we will
  come to their aid if they go to war with others
  and we will honor that.
• Location Pakistan borders Afghanistan and it is
  important in our war on terrorism

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India

• Large trading partner
• For the most part, India is a friend to the US

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• So
• The U.S. tries NOT to get involved
• or take sides.

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First War

• cease-fire was declared
• Line of Control (LOC) was drawn separating the
  two sides.
• 2/3rds of Kashmir now under Indian control
  (Jammu, one of the three regions in Kashmir,
  with 9 million people)
• 1/3rd of Kashmir now under Pakistani control
  called Azad or Free Kashmir.

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Who should control Kashmir???
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