Plains Indians

1
Plains Indians
-Great Plains or Great American Desert -Nomadic
lifestyle -importance of the horse and
buffalo -communal living -common use of the
tribes land -Sioux, Lakota, Cheyenne, Apache,
Nez Pierce, Blackfeet
2
American Interests
-Lands given by treaty to Indian
groups -California Gold Rush, 1848 -Homestead
Act, 1862 -transcontinental railroad
building Massacre of the buffalo herds -Central
and Union Pacific Railroads -Irish and Chinese
Immigrants -Promontory Point, Utah, 1869
3
American Interests
-Lands given by treaty to Indian
groups -California Gold Rush, 1848 -Homestead
Act, 1862 -transcontinental railroad
building Massacre of the buffalo herds -Central
and Union Pacific Railroads -Irish and Chinese
Immigrants -Promontory Point, Utah, 1869
4
Indian Restrictions
-treaties were broken -Indians forced onto
reservations -govt payment and supplies were
not delivered as promised -Indian
Uprisings -Dakota Uprising, 1862
5
Indian Restrictions
-treaties were broken -Indians forced onto
reservations -govt payment and supplies were
not delivered as promised -Indian
Uprisings -Dakota Uprising, 1862
6
Indian Restrictions
-Massacre at Sand Creek, 1864 John Chivington
leads Army unit in massacre of Cheyenne -Fetter
mans Massacre, 1866 -Fettermans small army
band crushed by Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, and
Red Clouds warriors
7
Indian Wars
-Gold found in the Black Hills of the
Dakotas -Sioux try to defend area promised to
them -Army sends George Armstrong
Custer -Little Bighorn, 1876 Crazy Horse and
Sitting Bull lead warriors as Custer and all his
men were killed
8
Indian Wars
-Gold found in the Black Hills of the
Dakotas -Sioux try to defend area promised to
them -Army sends George Armstrong
Custer -Little Bighorn, 1876 Crazy Horse and
Sitting Bull lead warriors as Custer and all his
men were killed
9
Indian Wars
-Nez Perce Indians, 1877 -Led by Chief Joseph,
they refused to go to reservation -chased by
the Army for over 1000 miles until
captured -I will fight no more forever
10
Assimilation
-Century of Dishonor Helen Hunt
Jackson -some people supported assimilation of
Indians -Dawes Act passed, 1887 160 acres to
each family most of land was eventually taken
11
End of the Indian Lifestyle
-assimilation education of Indians to be more
like whites -destruction of the buffalo
12
End of the Indian Lifestyle
-assimilation education of Indians to be more
like whites -destruction of the buffalo
13
End of the Indian Lifestyle
-Ghost Dance Movement Sioux spiritual
dance Dance was outlawed -Wounded Knee,
1890 massacre of several hundred Sioux -Indian
era comes to an end