Body Systems Unit

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Body Systems Unit

• The Respiratory System

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The Respiratory System

• Function To get oxygen from the environment and
  remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
  from your body.

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Respiratory Video from Kids Health
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How does oxygen get to your cells?

• Oxygen enters your body when you inhale.
• Transported to the cells by red blood cells
• The air contains only about 20 oxygen.
• Must exhale carbon dioxide because high levels of
  it will damage cells
• Must maintain proper levels of oxygen and CO2

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Cellular Respiration

• During Cellular Respiration, cells use oxygen and
  glucose (sugar) to release energy.
• CO2 is a waste product of this process.
• CO2 must be removed from cells
• Respiratory system works with the digestive
  system and circulatory system

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Structures in the Respiratory System function
together.

• Nose, Throat, Trachea
• Air enters through nose
• Cilia (tiny hairs) filter dirt, etc.
• Mucus (sticky liquid) traps particles
• Nasal cavity warms air
• Trachea windpipe, tubelike structure where air
  passes through
• Epiglottis (trapdoor) keeps air from entering
  stomach and food and liquids from entering the
  lungs.

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Lungs

• Lungs - Large organs located on either side of
  your heart.
• Bronchial tubes moves air into the lungs,
  branch through the lungs into smaller tubes and
  moves into alveoli.
• Alveoli tiny air sacs, walls are only one cell
  thick.
• Air passes through the thin walls and diffuses
  into the blood.
• At same time, CO2 wastes passes from blood into
  alveoli.

Healthy Lung
Unhealthy Lung
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Ribs and Diaphragm

• Rib cage encloses a space called the thoracic
  cavity.
• Ribs are connected by cartilage allows it to
  expand when you breathe.
• Diaphragm a large muscle, when you inhale, the
  diaphragm contracts and pulls downward, other
  muscles draw the ribs outward.

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Speech and other movements

• Air causes the vocal cords to vibrate and produce
  sound.
• 1. Air from lungs is forced between vocal cords
• 2. Vocal cords vibrate
• 3. Sound waves generated
• 4. Sound waves are shaped to form specific
  sounds.
• 5. Sound waves travel through air and become
  speech

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Other movements that involve the Respiratory
System

• Coughing, sneezing, sighing, yawning, laughing,
  and crying
• Allows you to hiccup.
• All respiratory movements allow you to release
  water from your body into the environment.