Social Movements

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Social Movements

• 1960s 1970s

2
Womens Rights Movement

• Suffrage Movement
• 19th Amendment (1920)
• Margaret Sanger
• Eleanor Roosevelt
• Rosie the Riveter
• Feminism
• Increased employment and education during the
  1950s and 1960s
• Expected to only work a short time and then start
  a family
• Paid less than men for the same jobs
• Civil Rights Movement
• Civil Rights Act of 1964

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Womens Rights Movement

• Betty Friedan
• Feminine Mystique (1963)
• Criticized the position of women with domestic
  duties and working (against cult of domesticity)
• National Organization of Women (NOW)
• Called for equal employment opportunities and
  equal pay
• Changes in divorce laws
• Legalization of abortion
• Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
• Started in 1923 by Alice Paul
• Passed in 1972 but failed to get 38 states to
  ratify

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Womens Rights Movement

• Gains
• Birth Control Pill
• Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Roe v. Wade (1973)
• Protected legal methods of abortion
• Women in the military
• Title IX of the Educational Amendment Act of 1972
• Sally Ride 1st female astronaut
• Geraldine Ferraro 1st woman to be on a
  presidential ticket (1984)
• Failures
• ERA fails in 1982
• Phyllis Schlafly
• Men and women who want a return to traditional
  roles

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Ethnic Minorities Seek Equality

• Latinos
• Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Cesar Chavez
• United Farm Workers (UFW)
• Hunger Strikes
• Asians
• Japanese American Citizens League (JACL)
• Hawaii

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Native American Struggles

• Not citizens until 1924
• High rates of unemployment, alcoholism, and
  suicide
• The American Indian Movement (AIM)
• Occupation of Alcatraz (1969)
• Seized Indian Bureau in Washington (1972)
• Wounded Knee (1973)
• Oglala Sioux

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Other Movements

• Consumer Movement
• Ralph Nadar Unsafe At Any Speed (1965)
• Gay Rights Movement
• Gay Liberation Front (GLF)

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Environmental Movement

• Rachel Carson
• Silent Spring
• DDT
• Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)
• Earth Day
• April 22nd
• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
• Clean Air Act (1970)
• Clean Water Act (1972)

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