Student Organizations: The Human Development Prospective

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Student Organizations The Human Development
Prospective

• Dr. David Agnew
• Arkansas State UniversityYouth Organizations

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Your Involvement in Youth Organizations

• What organizations did you belong to when you
  were in school?
• What did it do for you? Why did you join?

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Former PresidentFranklin D. Rossevelt
  "We cannot always build thefuture for our
youth, but we canbuild our youth for the
future.                                        
                Franklin D. Roosevelt
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Objectives, 1-3

• 1. Explain what is meant by Human Development.
• List the six stages of development as stated by
  Havinghurst and using his model describe the
  unique changes that Adolescence go through.
• Describe the developmental characteristics of
  youth age 14-19, and the implications for
  education. 
• Source  Needs of Youth --Extension Publication
  (Texas)

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Objective 1 Human Development?

• Human development is the physical and mental
  process of growing from a one-celled zygote to an
  adult human being.
• Source http//www.answers.com/human20development
  .htm
• Developmental psychology is the scientific study
  of age related changes in behavior across the
  life span. This field examines change across a
  broad range of topics including motor skills,
  problem solving abilities, conceptual
  understanding, acquisition of language, moral
  understanding, and identity formation.
• Source http//encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Huma
  n_development.htm

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Objective 1 Human Development, Cont.

• Developmental Psychology---The branch of
  psychology concerned with the study of
  progressive behavioral changes in an individual
  from birth until death.
• Source http//www.answers.com/topic/developmental
  -psychology.htm

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Objective 1 Areas of Development

• Physical
• Social
• Emotional
• Psychological
• Gender differences

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Objective 2 Stages of Human Development, by
Havinghurst

• 1. Infancy and Early Childhood (0-6)
• Middle Childhood (6-12)
• Adolescence (physical, social, and emotional
  maturing is primary) (12-18)
• Early adulthood (Marriage, pregnancy, first
  serious full-time job, first illness of children,
  making a home, etc.) (18-30)
• 5. Middle Age (30-60)
• 6. Later Maturity (60)

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Objective 2 Stages of Human Development,
Ericksons Model

• Infant Basic trust vs. basic distrust
• Toddler Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
• 3. Preschooler/Early Childhood
• Initiative
  vs. guilt
• 4. School Age/Play Industry vs. inferiority
• 5. Adolescence Identity vs. role
  confusion
• 6. Young Adulthood Intimacy vs. isolation
• 7. Adulthood Generativity vs.
  stagnation
• 8. Old Age Ego integrity vs.
  despair

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Objective 3 Characteristics of Adolescence,
Havinghurst

• Achieving new and more mature relationships with
  age-mates of both sexes.
• Physical changes take place
• Achieving a masculine or feminine social role.
• Developing fundamental skills in reading, writing
  and calculating.
• Able to deal with abstract concepts.
• Developing concepts necessary for everyday living
  
• Developing conscience, morality, and a scale of
  values
• Achieving personal independence (from
  parental/teacher dependence to dependence on
  self).
• The formal operational stage is characterized by
  the ability to formulate hypotheses and
  systematically test them to arrive at an answer
  to a problem.

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Objective 3 Adolescence Implications for
Education

• 1. Provide for teaching social skills on as high
  an aesthetic level as is practical, e.g.,
  teaching, as informal as possible, party behavior
  entering, planning parties, etc.
• 2. Provide for satisfying social contacts.
• 3. Teach democratic political procedures the
  child's experiences in the peer group
• 4. We can present moral problems and dilemmas to
  students and help them reach a satisfactory
  answer
• 5. Educators need to provide concrete
  experiences, which are essential to good concept
  development at this stage.

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Objective 3 Adolescence Implications for
Education, Cont.

1. Problem solving approach becomes easier for
   students to understand and therefore easier to
   teach content using this approach.
2. Project methods also work better for this age
   than in lower grades
3. Group or team learning methods or projects become
   important as a way to not only learn content but
   to learn social skills.
4. Independence is aided by success experiences with
   the peer group. The peer group and educational
   activities serve as laboratories for developing
   this task. We should involve youth in decision
   making and planning - with adequate supervision.
   conservation, anti-pollution work, child care in
   day care centers, service in community health
   centers, community music and dramatic activities.

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In Review

• What is human development?
• What are the six stages of human development
  according to Havinghurst?
• What kinds of activities do Adolescences need to
  be involved in?
• Explain how a youth organizations can meet the
  needs of Adolescences.