Muscle Tissue

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Muscle Tissue
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Myology

• The scientific study of muscles

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Orthopedics

• Branch of medicine concerned with the prevention
  or correction of disorders of the musculoskeletal
  system

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Characteristics of Muscle Tissue

• Excitability the ability to respond to a
  stimulus
• Contractility the ability to shorten when
  stimulated
• Extensibility the ability to be stretched
• Elasticity the ability to return to the
  original size

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Functions of Muscle Tissue

• Motion body movements as well as moving
  substances within the body
• Posture postural muscles continuously contract
  when awake to hold the body upright
• Heat Production muscular contraction produces
  85 of the bodys heat

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Skeletal Muscle

• Location attached to bones
• Appearance striated
• Nervous Control - Voluntary

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Cardiac Muscle

• Location The Heart
• Appearance striated
• Nervous Control - involuntary

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Smooth Muscle

• Location walls of hollow organs
• Appearance non-striated
• Nervous Control - involuntary

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Connective Tissue

• Fascia sheets or bundles of fibrous connective
  tissue
• Superficial Fascia just beneath the skin
• Deep Fascia Holds muscles together
• Epimysium covers the entire muscle
• Perimysium covers a bundle of muscle fibers
• Endomysium covers individual muscle fibers

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More connective tissue

• Tendon cord-like extension of deep fascia that
  connects muscle to bone
• Aponeurosis a sheet of connective tissue,
  similar to a tendon that attaches muscles

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Nerve and Blood Supply

• Highly vascular and highly innervated
• Need to respond to stimuli (nerves)
• Uses lots of energy (ATP) so needs blood

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Histology of Muscle Tissue

• Myofibers muscle fiber (cell)
• Sarcolemma plasma membrane
• Sarcoplasm cytoplasm
• Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ER
• Transverse Tubules (T-Tubules) tubes that
  extend across the myofiber and open to the
  outside.

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• Myofibril structures that make up the fibers
• Myofilaments structures that make up the
  fibrils
• Sarcomeres basic functional unit of skeletal
  muscles

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• http//www.brookscole.com/chemistry_d/templates/st
  udent_resources/shared_resources/animations/muscle
  s/muscles.html

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SARCOMERES

• Z-line end of a sarcomere
• A-band dark area made of think and thin
  filaments
• I-band light area made of only thin filaments
• H-zone light area made of only thick filaments

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• http//highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/s
  tudent_view0/chapter10/animation__sarcomere_contra
  ction.html

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Proteins

• Actin protein that makes the thin filaments
• Myosin protein that makes the thick filaments

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Myology Resources
http//highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/s
tudent_view0/chapter10/