Psy 260: Survey in Cognition and Perception

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Psy 260 Survey in Cognition and Perception

• Dr. Susan Brennan

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Psy 260 Cognition Perception

• Graduate TAs Luciane Pereira-Pasarin
• Vera Hau
• Undergrad TA Rachel Turetsky
• Syllabus, supplementary materials, announcements,
  and updated information will be posted on
  Blackboard.
• http//blackboard.sunysb.edu

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Using Blackboard

• Your Blackboard user ID is the same as your Net
  ID.
• Find your ID from your SOLAR account. Under
  Personal Portfolio, go to link "Get Your
  NetID". (It's often, but not always, your first
  initial and first 7 letters of your last name.)
• Password your SBU ID number (or whatever
  youve changed it to).

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Required Texts

• Reed, Cognition Theory and Applications (6th
  Ed.)
• Francis et al., CogLab (classic experiments,
  simulated)

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Exams

• Two midterms, each covering a different part of
  the course Oct 24th, Dec 12th.
• Final Exam (cumulative) 12/19 5 PM
• No make-up or alternative times. Check your
  calendar now!

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Simulated Experiments (CogLab)

• Nine individual experiments (you choose from a
  set of related expts). You run yourself as a
  subject and collect your own data.
• Interpret your data. If your data don't match
  the classic results, explain what you think led
  to the unusual pattern.
• Print out your data and turn in the paper copy by
  the deadline.

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Grading

• Higher midterm score 100 pts possible
• Final exam 100 pts possible
• 9 CogLabs 90 pts possible
• Pop quizzes for extra credit
• You are expected to attend class
• and to take both midterms.

Slide 0
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What does psychology mean to you?
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• "Cognitive psychology refers to all processes
  by which the sensory input is transformed,
  reduced, elaborated, stored, recovered, and
  used."
• (Ulrich Neisser, 1967)

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• Cognitive Psychology
• Clinical Psychology
• Social/Health Psychology
• Personality Psychology
• Biopsychology

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Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)

• Nature vs. Nurture
• Kant the skeptic

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Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)

• Nature vs. Nurture
• Kant the skeptic
• Structuralism
• H. von Helmholtz
• Wundt introspection
• Hermann Ebbinghaus

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Structuralism

• Late 1800s
• Goal Find fundamental elements of thought.
• Method Introspection.
• Problem Introspection is limited to current,
  mid-level cognitive processes. And it's biased.

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Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)

• Nature vs. Nurture
• Kant the skeptic
• Structuralism
• H. von Helmholtz
• Wundt introspection
• Hermann Ebbinghaus
• Functionalism
• W. James the critic

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Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)

• Nature vs. Nurture
• Kant the skeptic
• Structuralism
• H. von Helmholtz
• Wundt introspection
• Hermann Ebbinghaus
• Functionalism
• W. James the critic
• Gestalt psychology

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Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)

• Nature vs. Nurture
• Kant the skeptic
• Structuralism
• H. von Helmholtz
• Wundt introspection
• Hermann Ebbinghaus
• Functionalism
• W. James the critic
• Gestalt psychology

• Behaviorism
• John Watson
• B. F. Skinner

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Behaviorism

• Early Mid 1900s
• Goal Eliminate explanations based on the mind.
• Method Study behavior. Learning is defined as a
  change in behavior.
• But is that all there is?

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Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)

• Nature vs. Nurture
• Kant the skeptic
• Structuralism
• H. von Helmholtz
• Wundt introspection
• Hermann Ebbinghaus
• Functionalism
• W. James the critic
• Gestalt psychology

• Behaviorism
• John Watson
• B. F. Skinner
• Cognitive Revolution
• George Miller
• Donald Broadbent
• Allen Newell
• Herb Simon
• Piaget
• Chomsky

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Cognitive Psychology (thats us)

• 1950s onward
• Input ? Processing ? Output
• Person responds to stimulus as he or she
  interprets it.
• Method We study behavior, assuming that it
  reflects cognition.

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Figure 1.3 (p. 9)Source Adapted from
Biological Psychology (5th ed.), by J. W. Kalat.
Cognitive Neuroscience
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Human information processing

• Perception
• Attention
• Memory (sensory, STM, LTM)
• Higher level processes
• - Language - Mental imagery
• - Categorization - Problem solving
• - Reasoning - Judgment

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Figure 1.1 (p. 3)Stages of an
information-processing model
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Bottom-up processing
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Top-down processing
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Human information processing

• Perception
• Attention
• Memory (sensory, STM, LTM)
• Higher level processes
• - Language - Mental imagery
• - Categorization - Problem solving
• - Reasoning - Judgment

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